Adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells induce long-term neurogenic and anti-inflammatory effects and improve cognitive but not motor performance in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. (May 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schwerk, Anne; Altschüler, Jennifer; Roch, Manfred; Gossen, Manfred; Winter, Christine; Berg, Jürgen; Kurtz, Andreas; Akyüz, Levent; Steiner, Barbara
• Is Part Of: Regenerative medicine. Volume 10:Number 4(2015)
• Page Start: 431
• Page End: 446
• Publication Date: 2015-05
• Subjects: adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells -- adult stem cells -- neurogenesis -- Parkinson's disease -- plasticity -- regeneration; Cellular therapy -- Periodicals; Stem cells -- Transplantation -- Periodicals; Degeneration (Pathology) -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Regeneration (Biology) -- Periodicals; 611.018
• DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.17
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1746-0751

Abstract

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are easily harvested, and possess anti-inflammatory and trophic properties. Furthermore, MSC promote neuroprotection and neurogenesis, which could greatly benefit neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.Methods: MSC were transplanted one week after 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning and effects were evaluated after 6 months.Results: MSC localized around the substantia nigra and the arachnoid mater, expressing pericyte and endothelial markers. MSC protected dopamine levels and upregulated peripheral anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, adipose-derived MSC increased neurogenesis in hippocampal and subventricular regions, and boosted memory functioning.Conclusion: Considering that hyposmia and loss of memory function are two major nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, transplants with modulatory effects on the hippocampus and subventricular zone could provide a disease-modifying therapy.