Subchronic safety evaluation of hot-water extract from thinned immature mangos (Mangifera indica 'Irwin'): 90-days oral toxicity study in rats. (2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tajiri, Hayato; Tanaka, Wataru; Takashima, Masakatsu; Matsuyama, Hiroki; Sugita, Takuya; Hidaka, Kenta; Sakakibara, Hiroyuki
• Is Part Of: Toxicology reports. Volume 8(2021)
• Page Start: 1046
• Page End: 1053
• Publication Date: 2021
• Subjects: CPK creatine phosphokinase -- MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin -- MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration -- MCV mean corpuscular volume -- NOAEL no-observed-adverse-effect level -- RBC red blood cell -- S.D. standard deviation -- TIMEx hot-water extract of thinned immature mango fruits; No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) -- Oral toxicity -- Rats -- Subchronic toxicity -- Thinned immature mango; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Clinical toxicology -- Periodicals; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Hazardous Substances; Poisoning; Toxicology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Periodicals; 571.9505
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.05.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2214-7500

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Thinned Irwin mango fruits were collected at the immature stage and lyophilized. Hot-water extract from thinned immature mango (TIMEx) had no toxic effect on SD rats given daily oral doses of 500, 1000 or 2500 mg/kg for 90 days. No significant alterations in hematological and serum chemical parameters, urinalysis, food consumption, body weight gain, or absolute and relative organ weights were noted in any group. In both sexes, a daily dose up to 2500 mg/kg body weight indicates a NOAEL. Highlights: Thinned immature mango fruits are usually handled as waste. Information is limited about the safety of its daily consumption. A 90-days toxicity study of its hot-water extract (TIMEx) was conducted in rats. TIMEx is safe for daily consumption and its NOAEL is 2500 mg/kg/day. Thinned immature mango fruits will be candidate for functional food. Abstract: Thinned immature fruit of the mango tree ( Mangifera indica 'Irwin') are handled as waste. In this study, we conducted a 90-days toxicity study in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to evaluate the safety of a hot-water extract of thinned immature mango fruits (TIMEx) administered by oral gavage at doses of 500, 1000 and 2500 mg/kg body weight/day. Treatment did not result in death or changes in the behavior or external appearance of the animals. No alterations were observed in hematological or serum chemical parameters, urinalysis, food consumption, body weight gain or organ weights at the end of the treatment period, with the exception of higher mean corpuscular volume in male rats that received high doses and lower serum creatine phosphokinase levels in female rats that received medium doses. Under the conditions of this study and based on the toxicological endpoints evaluated, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for TIMEx was 2500 mg/kg/day. The findings indicate that TIMEx is safe for consumption and should be investigated as a candidate food.