Brewer's yeast polysaccharides — A review of their exquisite structural features and biomedical applications. (1st February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bastos, Rita; Oliveira, Patrícia G.; Gaspar, Vítor M.; Mano, João F.; Coimbra, Manuel A.; Coelho, Elisabete
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 277(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02-01
• Subjects: Brewer's spent yeast -- Beta-glucan -- Mannoprotein -- Microcapsule -- Regenerative medicine -- Drug delivery; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118826
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Abstract: Recent advances on brewer's yeast cell wall polysaccharides have unraveled exquisite structural features and diverse composition with ( β 1→3), ( β 1→6), ( α 1→4), ( β 1→4)-mix-linked glucans that are recognized to interact with different cell receptors and trigger specific biological responses. Herein, a comprehensive showcase of structure-biofunctional relationships between yeast polysaccharides and their biological targets is highlighted, with a focus on polysaccharide features that govern the biomedical activity. The insolubility of β -glucans is a crucial factor for binding and activation of Dectin-1 receptor, operating as adjuvants of immune responses. Contrarily, soluble low molecular weight β -glucans have a strong inhibition of reactive oxygen species production, acting as antagonists of Dectin-1 mediated signaling. Soluble glucan-protein moieties can also act as antitumoral agents. The balance between mannoproteins-TLR2 and β -glucans-Dectin-1 receptors-activation is crucial for osteogenesis. Biomedical applications value can also be obtained from yeast microcapsules as oral delivery systems, where highly branched ( β 1→6)-glucans lead to higher receptor affinity. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image