Reaction kinetics, mechanism, and product analysis of the iron catalytic graphitization of cellulose. (20th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xia, Sunwen; Cai, Ning; Lu, Wang; Zhou, Hewen; Xiao, Haoyu; Chen, Xu; Chen, Yingquan; Yang, Haiping; Wang, Xianhua; Wang, Shurong; Chen, Hanping
• Is Part Of: Journal of cleaner production. Volume 329(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12-20
• Subjects: Biomass -- Catalytic graphitization -- Kinetics -- Thermodynamics -- Graphite -- Porosity; Factory and trade waste -- Management -- Periodicals; Manufactures -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Déchets industriels -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Usines -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; 628.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129735
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-6526

Abstract

Abstract: Biomass based porous graphitic carbon are valuable materials in terms of renewable energy and environmental remediation; however, the catalytic graphitization mechanism of biomass and the solid char evolution process have not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, iron catalytic graphitization process of cellulose was investigated and the reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, pyrolytic behavior, and product properties analyzed in detail. It was found that iron addition lowered cellulose decomposition temperature, but higher average activation energy (230 kJ/mol), and higher entropy (100 J/mol). In-situ-produced Fe3 C and Fe promoted secondary reactions and activated C–H bonds, which led to an increase in the production of hydrogen and solid char from 2.9 mmol/g to 8.1 mmol/g and 6.3 wt% to 19.9 wt%, respectively, at the expense of the liquid oil yield. Furthermore, the iron addition promoted the degree of graphitization and etched porosity. The intrinsic reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, and technical analysis reported herein may guide the application of bioenergy for the preparation of porous graphite and hydrogen. Highlights: Kinetic and thermodynamics mechanism of cellulose graphitization were investigated. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the iron salts reduction & graphitization process. More energy input was needed for catalytic graphitization. Iron catalyst particles activate C–H bonds, yielding more H2 and char. Char with high graphitization degree & mesopore area was obtained.