Global DNA methylation levels in white blood cells of patients with chronic heroin use disorder. A prospective study. (2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fragou, Domniki; Chao, Mu-Rong; Hu, Chiung-Wen; Nikolaou, Kakia; Kovatsi, Leda
• Is Part Of: Toxicology reports. Volume 8(2021)
• Page Start: 337
• Page End: 342
• Publication Date: 2021
• Subjects: DNA methylation -- Heroin -- Opioid -- Drug use disorder -- Abstinence -- Detoxification; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Clinical toxicology -- Periodicals; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Hazardous Substances; Poisoning; Toxicology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Periodicals; 571.9505
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2214-7500

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Opioid abstinence for 21 days does not affect global DNA methylation levels in white blood cells. All participants in the study completed a 21-day "dry" detoxification program. Findings do not rule out the possibility of site-specific methylation changes. Abstract: Background: Increasing scientific evidence shows the significant role of epigenetic mechanisms in drug use disorder, abstinence and relapse. Studies on human subjects are limited compared to those on animals, for various reasons such as poly-substance abuse, high drop-out rate and technical difficulties. Objectives: Our goal was to evaluate whether a monitored abstinence period of 21 days could induce changes in global DNA methylation in chronic heroin users. Method: In the current study, we present data on global DNA methylation on a set of 18 male patients with chronic heroin use disorder, carefully selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were hospitalized and closely monitored during a 21-day detoxification program, one of the few where no opioid agonist is administered. The participants were sampled twice, once upon enrolment to the program and once upon completion. Results: According to our results, no difference in global DNA methylation was detected between samples collected upon enrolment and samples collected upon completion of the program. Conclusion: The findings of this study do not rule out the possibility that the 21-day abstinence period was not long enough to observe changes in global DNA methylation, or that abstinence induced site-specific methylation changes (but not global changes), that certainly merit further evaluation.