Cognitive reserve, modifiable-risk-factor profile and incidence of dementia: results from a longitudinal study of CFAS Wales. (2nd December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jia, Feifei; Liu, Fei; Li, Xin; Shi, Xin; Liu, Yvhai; Cao, Fenglin
• Is Part Of: Aging & mental health. Volume 25:Number 12(2021)
• Page Start: 2286
• Page End: 2292
• Publication Date: 2021-12-02
• Subjects: Cognitive reserve -- life-style -- dementia -- Alzheimer's disease -- interaction effect; Older people -- Mental health -- Periodicals; Geriatric psychiatry -- Periodicals; Older people -- Psychology -- Periodicals; Aging -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Aged -- psychology -- periodicals; Mental Health -- periodicals; Mental Health Services -- periodicals; Aging -- psychology -- periodicals; Aged, 80 and over -- psychology -- periodicals; 618.97689
• DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1828270
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1360-7863

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Both cognitive reserve and modifiable-risk-factor profiles play a role in dementia incidence. We investigated whether cognitive reserve moderates the risk of dementia attributable to the modifiable-risk-factor profile. Method: We followed 2102 older individuals aged 65+ years recruited from the population-based longitudinal cohort CFAS Wales study, begun in 2011, and the follow-up wave completed in early 2016. Cognitive reserve was measured by combining educational level, occupation complexity, and engagement in social and cognitive activities in later life. Modifiable-risk-factor profile scores were based on depression, diabetes, smoking, physical activity, healthy diet, and drinking. The interactions between cognitive reserve indicators and modifiable-risk-factor profiles were assessed on multiplicative and additive scales. Results: There is an additive interaction between the composite effect of cognitive reserve indicator and modifiable-risk-factor profile on dementia. In those with low cognitive reserve, the risk of dementia in participants with a favorable profile was significantly lower than in those with an unfavorable one (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02–0.27). Conclusion: Cognitive reserve significantly moderates the association between modifiable-risk-factor profiles and dementia.