Anti-inflammatory activities of Italian Chestnut and Eucalyptus honeys on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cianciosi, Danila; Forbes-Hernandez, Tamara Y.; Alvarez-Suarez, José M.; Ansary, Johura; Quinzi, Denise; Amici, Adolfo; Navarro-Hortal, María D.; Esteban-Muñoz, Adelaida; Quiles, José Luis; Battino, Maurizio; Giampieri, Francesca
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 87(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: Honey -- Inflammation -- Mitochondrial respiration -- Apoptosis -- Wound healing -- Antioxidant enzymes; CEq catechin equivalents -- CH Chestnut honey -- DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium -- DPPH 2, 4-DNP 2, 2-diPhenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl -- EH Eucalyptus honey -- FRAP Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power -- GADPH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase -- GAEq gallic acid equivalents -- GPx glutathione peroxidase -- GR glutathione reductase -- GSH glutathione -- GST glutathione transferase -- IL interleukin -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- MRC Maximal respiration capacity -- MTT 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide -- NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells -- NO nitric oxide -- Nrf2 nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 -- OCR oxygen consumption rate -- RSN reactive nitrogen species -- RT-PCR real time PCR -- TE Trolox equivalents -- TEAC Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) -- TFC total flavonoids -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α -- TPC total content of polyphenols; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104752
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Chestnut and Eucalyptus honeys are rich source of bioactive compounds. They decreased apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide-stressed macrophages. They reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in stressed macrophages. They improved mitochondrial respiration in stressed macrophages. Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of chestnut ( Castanea sativa ) and Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus occidentalis ) honeys collected in Italy on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages stressed with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pre-treatment with the two honeys markedly decreased apoptosis and stimulated wound healing in macrophages stressed with LPS, where they also reduced the intracellular levels of ROS and nitrite. Additionally, treatment with LPS decreased the levels of glutathione and suppressed the antioxidant enzyme activities, which were significantly ( p < 0.05) increased in the presence of the two honeys, through the modulation of Nrf2 expression; in LPS-stressed macrophages, Chestnut or Eucalyptus honeys protected against inflammation by regulating the main inflammatory biomarkers, including TNF-α, IL-10 and iNOS, through the decrease of NF-кB expression. Finally, they improved mitochondrial respiration and the main related parameters.