Conquering the Hypoxia Limitation for Photodynamic Therapy. Issue 48 (27th September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wan, Yilin; Fu, Lian‐Hua; Li, Chunying; Lin, Jing; Huang, Peng
• Is Part Of: Advanced materials. Volume 33:Issue 48(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-09-27
• Subjects: hypoxia -- oxygen -- photodynamic therapy -- tumor therapy; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103978
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0935-9648

Abstract

Abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has aroused great research interest in recent years owing to its high spatiotemporal selectivity, minimal invasiveness, and low systemic toxicity. However, due to the hypoxic nature characteristic of many solid tumors, PDT is frequently limited in therapeutic effect. Moreover, the consumption of O2 during PDT may further aggravate the tumor hypoxic condition, which promotes tumor proliferation, metastasis, and invasion resulting in poor prognosis of treatment. Therefore, numerous efforts have been made to increase the O2 content in tumor with the goal of enhancing PDT efficacy. Herein, these strategies developed in past decade are comprehensively reviewed to alleviate tumor hypoxia, including 1) delivering exogenous O2 to tumor directly, 2) generating O2 in situ, 3) reducing tumor cellular O2 consumption by inhibiting respiration, 4) regulating the TME, (e.g., normalizing tumor vasculature or disrupting tumor extracellular matrix), and 5) inhibiting the hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) signaling pathway to relieve tumor hypoxia. Additionally, the O2 ‐independent Type‐I PDT is also discussed as an alternative strategy. By reviewing recent progress, it is hoped that this review will provide innovative perspectives in new nanomaterials designed to combat hypoxia and avoid the associated limitation of PDT. Abstract : The efficacy of photodynamic therapy is often restricted by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). The strategies deve loped to alleviate tumor hypoxia in the past decades are reviewed, including delivering exogenous O2, in situ O2 generation, reducing cellular O2 consumption by inhibiting respiration, regulating the TME, and inhibiting the hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) signaling pathway.