Preoperative mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist reduces postoperative hyperkalaemia in patients with Conn syndrome. (6th November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Jinghong; Libianto, Renata; Lee, James C.; Grodski, Simon; Shen, Jimmy; Fuller, Peter J.; Yang, Jun
• Is Part Of: Clinical endocrinology. Volume 96:Number 1(2022)
• Page Start: 40
• Page End: 46
• Publication Date: 2021-11-06
• Subjects: blood pressure -- Conn syndrome -- mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist -- postoperative hyperkalaemia -- primary aldosteronism -- renin; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; 616.4005
• DOI: 10.1111/cen.14630
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-0664

Abstract

Abstract: Background: The preoperative use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in patients with unilateral forms of primary aldosteronism (PA) is not standardized. The current Endocrine Society Guidelines do not specifically recommend MRA treatment before surgery. It is unclear whether preoperative MRA can optimize perioperative blood pressure and potassium control, and reduce the incidence of postoperative hyperkalaemia. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of MRA on the incidence of postoperative hyperkalaemia in addition to perioperative blood pressure and potassium concentration in patients undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy for the treatment of PA. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary referral centres, Victoria, Australia. Patients: A total of 96 patients who were diagnosed with unilateral forms of PA: 73 patients ('MRA' group) received preoperative MRA while 23 patients ('No‐MRA' group) did not. Results: The prevalence of postoperative hyperkalaemia was significantly higher in the 'No‐MRA' group at 2–4 weeks after surgery, compared to the 'MRA' group (35% vs. 11%, p = .014). In a logistic regression, the use of MRA significantly predicted a lower incidence of postoperative hyperkalaemia after adjusting for age, sex, baseline aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio, potassium and preoperative eGFR. Before surgery, patients in the 'MRA' group had normalized blood pressure and potassium concentration requiring fewer antihypertensive medications and no potassium supplements. Conclusion: Preoperative MRA use was associated with optimal perioperative blood pressure and normalized serum potassium in addition to a lower incidence of postoperative hyperkalaemia. MRA should be considered standard treatment for patients awaiting surgery for PA.