Rapid antibody diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2 adaptive immune response. Issue 36 (26th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Afzal, Adeel; Iqbal, Naseer; Feroz, Saima; Ali, Asghar; Ehsan, Muhammad Ali; Khan, Safyan Akram; Rehman, Abdul
• Is Part Of: Analytical methods. Volume 13:Issue 36(2021)
• Page Start: 4019
• Page End: 4037
• Publication Date: 2021-08-26
• Subjects: Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Analytical biochemistry -- Periodicals; Chemical laboratories -- Standards -- Periodicals; 543.1905
• DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00888a
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1759-9660

Abstract

Abstract : The emergence of a pandemic scale respiratory illness (COVID-19) and the lack of the world's readiness to prevent its spread resulted in an unprecedented rise of biomedical diagnostic industries, as they took lead to provide efficient diagnostic solutions for COVID-19. Abstract : The emergence of a pandemic scale respiratory illness (COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019) and the lack of the world's readiness to prevent its spread resulted in an unprecedented rise of biomedical diagnostic industries, as they took lead to provide efficient diagnostic solutions for COVID-19. However, these circumstances also led to numerous emergency use authorizations without appropriate evaluation that compromised standards, which could result in a larger than usual number of false-positive or false-negative results, leading to unwanted ambiguity in already confusing realities of the pandemic-hit closures of the world economy. This review is aimed at comparing the claimed or reported clinical sensitivity and clinical specificity of commercially available rapid antibody diagnostics with independently evaluated clinical performance results of the tests. Thereby, we not only present the types of modern antibody diagnostics and their working principles but summarize their experimental evaluations and observed clinical efficiencies to highlight the research, development, and commercialization issues with future challenges. Still, it must be emphasized that the serological or antibody tests do not serve the purpose of early diagnosis but are more suitable for epidemiology and screening populaces with an active immune response, recognizing convalescent plasma donors, and determining vaccine efficacy.