Fusogenic liposome-enhanced cytosolic delivery of magnetic nanoparticles. Issue 57 (4th November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chen, Fang; Bian, Minjuan; Nahmou, Michael; Myung, David; Goldberg, Jeffrey L.
• Is Part Of: RSC advances. Volume 11:Issue 57(2021)
• Page Start: 35796
• Page End: 35805
• Publication Date: 2021-11-04
• Subjects: Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03094a
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2046-2069

Abstract

Abstract : Fusogenic liposomes facilitate MNPs passage into the cytosol and enable direct contact between MNPs and organelles other than endosomes. Abstract : Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely used in cell sorting, organelle selection, drug delivery, cell delivery, and cell tracking applications. However, organelle manipulation in living cells has been limited due to the endocytic uptake and sequestration of MNPs. Here, we introduce a method for modifying MNPs with fusogenic liposomes that facilitate MNP passage directly into the cytosol. MNPs were enclosed in fusogenic liposomes that exhibit a core–shell structure under a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The lipid-to-MNP ratio was optimized for one layer of liposome coating around each MNP, so that MNPs were delivered to the cytosol without endosomal or liposomal coatings. After incubation with the retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19, single-layer liposome-coated MNPs exhibited the highest MNP delivery efficiency. Although uncoated MNPs are taken up through endocytosis, less than 15% of the fusogenic liposome-coated MNPs co-localized with early endosomes. MNPs delivered by fusogenic liposomes showed cytosolic localization early on and increased lysosomal localization at later time points. The movement of intracellular MNPs could be manipulated with an external magnet to estimate cytosolic viscosity. Bypassing endocytosis in this way allowed efficient delivery of MNPs to the cytosol, potentially allowing for the targeting of specific organelles and controlling their motion in living cells.