Effects of cytidine-5′-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jeong, Hyeonseok; Yoon, Sujung; Sung, Young-Hoon; Kim, Jungyoon; Lyoo, In Kyoon; Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A.; Renshaw, Perry F.
• Is Part Of: Journal of psychiatric research. Volume 143(2021)
• Page Start: 215
• Page End: 221
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Cytidine-5′-diphosphate choline -- Methamphetamine -- Magnetic resonance imaging -- Gray matter volume; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Mental Disorders -- Periodicals; Maladies mentales -- Périodiques; Psychiatry; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.89005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3956

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Cytidine-5′-diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective and neuroreparative effects and may be beneficial for patients with stimulant dependence. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in methamphetamine (MA) dependence investigated effects of CDP-choline on the brain structures and their associations with craving and MA use. Methods: MA users (n = 44) were randomized to receive 2 g/day of CDP-choline (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline and 8-week follow-up. Healthy individuals (n = 27) were also examined using brain MRI at the same interval. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was conducted to examine changes in gray matter (GM) volumes and their associations with craving and MA use. Results: Craving for MA was significantly reduced after the 8 week-treatment with CDP-choline (p = 0.01), but not with the placebo treatment (p = 0.10). There was no significant difference in the total number of MA-negative urine samples between the two groups (p = 0.19). With CDP-choline treatment, GM volumes in the left middle frontal gyrus (p = 0.001), right hippocampus (p = 0.009), and left precuneus (p = 0.001) were significantly increased compared to the placebo and control groups. Increased GM volumes in the left middle frontal gyrus with CDP-choline treatment were associated with reduced craving for MA (Spearman's ρ = −0.56, p = 0.03). In addition, the right hippocampal volume increases were positively associated with the total number of MA-negative urine results in the CDP-choline group (Spearman's ρ = 0.67, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CDP-choline may increase GM volumes of MA-dependent patients, which may be related to decreases in MA use and craving.