Bone mineral density at age 7 years does not associate with adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in infancy or vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood: an Odense Child Cohort study. Issue 10 (28th November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nørgaard, Signe Monrad; Dalgård, Christine; Heidemann, Malene Søborg; Schou, Anders Jørgen; Christesen, Henrik Thybo
• Is Part Of: British journal of nutrition. Volume 126:Issue 10(2021)
• Page Start: 1466
• Page End: 1477
• Publication Date: 2021-11-28
• Subjects: Bone mineral density -- Vitamin D supplementation -- 25-Hydroxyvitamin D -- Children -- Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 572.4
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521000301
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1145

Abstract

Abstract: Vitamin D supplementation in infancy is recommended to prevent rickets. At the population level, its effects on bone mineralisation are largely unknown. We aimed to explore whether adherence to national vitamin D supplementation guidelines (10 µg/d up to the age of 2 years), supplementation at the ages of 5 and 7 years, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at various time points associated with bone mineral density (BMD) at the age of 7 years in the Odense Child Cohort, Denmark ( n 1194). High adherence was defined as supplementation with 10 µg of vitamin D 6–7 times per week during ≥80 % of the observation time. s-25(OH)D was analysed using LC-MS/MS. Total-body-less-head (TBLH) BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. At the median age of 18·1 months, 53·9 % ( n 475/881) reported high adherence. The median s-25(OH)D was 64·7, 78·8, 46·0 and 71·8 nmol/l in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, cord blood and at 5 years, respectively. The mean TBLH BMD at the median age of 7·1 years was 0·613 (SD 0·049) g/cm 2 ( z -score +0·363 (SD 0·824)). In adjusted analyses, vitamin D supplementation up to 18 months, and at 5 and 7 years, was not associated with TBLH BMD. Similarly, no robust associations were found between TBLH BMD and s-25(OH)D at any time point. No associations were found for TBLH bone mineral concentration or bone area. In this population with relatively high s-25(OH)D concentrations, no consistent associations were found between adherence to vitamin D supplementation recommendations or vitamin D status in pregnancy or childhood, and bone mineralisation at the age of 7 years.