Refraction as a means of predicting squint or amblyopia in preschool siblings of children known to have these defects. Issue 4 (April 1979)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ingram, R M; Walker, C
• Is Part Of: British journal of ophthalmology. Volume 63:Issue 4(1979)
• Page Start: 238
• Page End: 242
• Publication Date: 1979-04
• Subjects: Ophthalmology -- Periodicals; 617.7
• DOI: 10.1136/bjo.63.4.238
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1161

Abstract

Abstract : 215 preschool siblings of children presenting with squint/amblyopia were screened by refraction after cycloplegia. The presence of +2.00 or more D of spherical hypermetropia in both eyes, or +1.00 or more D sphere or cylinder of anisometropia was significantly associated (P=0.0779%) with that child being identified 2+ years later as having either squint or amblyopia or both. Astigmatism of +1.50 or more D in either eye was significantly associated with anisometropia (P=0.000 0013%). If bilateral hypermetropia of +2.00 or more DS and/or +1.50 or more D of astigmatism in either eye had been taken as criteria for abnormality (ignoring anisometropia), there was a more significant association (P=0.0025%) between refraction and squint/amblyopia in these siblings. Such a child had 4 times more chance of having a visual defect than one who had no error of refraction when screened. These findings suggest that an environmental factor such as blurred vision may be relatively more important as a cause of squint/amblyopia than a genetically determined neurological abnormality.