Metagenomics of the faecal virome indicate a cumulative effect of enterovirus and gluten amount on the risk of coeliac disease autoimmunity in genetically at risk children: the TEDDY study. Issue 8 (19th November 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lindfors, Katri; Lin, Jake; Lee, Hye-Seung; Hyöty, Heikki; Nykter, Matti; Kurppa, Kalle; Liu, Edwin; Koletzko, Sibylle; Rewers, Marian; Hagopian, William; Toppari, Jorma; Ziegler, Annette-Gabriele; Akolkar, Beena; Krischer, Jeffrey P; Petrosino, Joseph F; Lloyd, Richard E; Agardh, Daniel
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Chavoshi Masumeh author non-byline.; Radtke Jared author non-byline.; Zink Sarah author non-byline.; Ajami Nadim J. author non-byline.; Ross Matthew C. author non-byline.; O'Brien Jacqueline L. author non-byline.; Hutchinson Diane S. author non-byline.; Smith Daniel P. author non-byline.; Wong Matthew C. author non-byline.; Tian Xianjun author non-byline.; Ayvaz Tulin author non-byline.; Tamegnon Auriole author non-byline.; Truong Nguyen author non-byline.; Moreno Hannah author non-byline.; Riley Lauren author non-byline.; Moreno Eduardo author non-byline.; Bauch Tonya author non-byline.; Kusic Lenka author non-byline.; Metcalf Ginger author non-byline.; Muzny Donna author non-byline.; Doddapaneni HarshaVArdhan author non-byline.; Gibbs Richard author non-byline.; Ke Sandra author non-byline.; Mulholland Niveen author non-byline.; Bourcier Kasia author non-byline.; Briese Thomas author non-byline.; Johnson Suzanne Bennett author non-byline.; Triplett Eric author non-byline.;
• Is Part Of: Gut. Volume 69:Issue 8(2020)
• Page Start: 1416
• Page End: 1422
• Publication Date: 2019-11-19
• Subjects: coeliac disease -- gluten -- small bowel; Gastroenterology -- Periodicals; 616.33
• DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319809
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0017-5749

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: Higher gluten intake, frequent gastrointestinal infections and adenovirus, enterovirus, rotavirus and reovirus have been proposed as environmental triggers for coeliac disease. However, it is not known whether an interaction exists between the ingested gluten amount and viral exposures in the development of coeliac disease. This study investigated whether distinct viral exposures alone or together with gluten increase the risk of coeliac disease autoimmunity (CDA) in genetically predisposed children. Design: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young study prospectively followed children carrying the HLA risk haplotypes DQ2 and/or DQ8 and constructed a nested case–control design. From this design, 83 CDA case–control pairs were identified. Median age of CDA was 31 months. Stool samples collected monthly up to the age of 2 years were analysed for virome composition by Illumina next-generation sequencing followed by comprehensive computational virus profiling. Results: The cumulative number of stool enteroviral exposures between 1 and 2 years of age was associated with an increased risk for CDA. In addition, there was a significant interaction between cumulative stool enteroviral exposures and gluten consumption. The risk conferred by stool enteroviruses was increased in cases reporting higher gluten intake. Conclusions: Frequent exposure to enterovirus between 1 and 2 years of age was associated with increased risk of CDA. The increased risk conferred by the interaction between enteroviruses and higher gluten intake indicate a cumulative effect of these factors in the development of CDA.