Isostructurality of quinoxaline crystal phases: the interplay of weak hydrogen bonds and halogen bonding. Issue 40 (23rd September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Saidykhan, Amie; Fenwick, Nathan W.; Bowen, Richard D.; Telford, Richard; Seaton, Colin C.
• Is Part Of: CrystEngComm. Volume 23:Issue 40(2021)
• Page Start: 7108
• Page End: 7117
• Publication Date: 2021-09-23
• Subjects: Crystals -- Periodicals; Crystal growth -- Periodicals; Crystallography -- Periodicals; Cristaux -- Périodiques; Cristaux -- Croissance -- Périodiques; Cristallographie -- Périodiques; 548
• DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00878a
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1466-8033

Abstract

Abstract : Creation of isostructural systems is a balance between thermodynamic and kinetic factors, shown by a set of substituted quinoxalines, where the lighter halogens form a set of metastable isostructural crystals, different to the heavy substitutions. Abstract : Tailoring the physical properties of molecular crystals though the construction of solid solutions requires the existence of isostructural crystals. Simple substitutions of a given molecular framework can give a range of different crystal structures. A set of quinoxaline derivatives, C8 H4 N2 (C6 H4 X)2, Q3, 3′X 2, has been investigated (X = F, Cl, Br, I and Me) where kinetic factors generated a set of isostructural crystals for the lighter halogens (F, Cl, Br) alone. Computational analysis shows that the stabilising interactions are maximal for Cl, while DSC studies demonstrate the existence of more stable polymorphs for both F and Br containing systems. Steric factors appear to have a lower contribution than the balance of weaker hydrogen and halogen bonding shown by the Me and I containing systems displaying different packing driven by CH⋯N/CH⋯π bonds and I⋯I bonds respectively.