Type 1 diabetes and the OAS gene cluster: association with splicing polymorphism or haplotype?. Issue 2 (13th July 2005)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tessier, M-C; Qu, H-Q; Fréchette, R; Bacot, F; Grabs, R; Taback, S P; Lawson, M L; Kirsch, S E; Hudson, T J; Polychronakos, C
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical genetics. Volume 43:Issue 2(2006)
• Page Start: 129
• Page End: 132
• Publication Date: 2005-07-13
• Subjects: FBAT, Family Based Association Test -- FP, fluorescence polarisation -- LD, linkage disequilibrium -- OAS1, 2′, 5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 -- OR, odds ratio -- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism -- TDT, transmission disequilibrium test -- T1D, type 1 diabetes; 2′, 5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 -- single nucleotide polymorphism -- transmission disequilibrium test -- type 1 diabetes; Medical genetics -- Periodicals; 616.042
• DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2005.035212
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1468-6244

Abstract

Abstract : Background: The 2′, 5′-oligoadenylate synthetase genes ( OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3 ) map to human chromosome 12q24 and encode a family of enzymes pivotal to innate antiviral defence. Recently, the minor allele of an OAS1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that alters splicing (rs10774671) was found to be associated with increased enzymatic activity and, in a case-sibling control study, with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: We have confirmed this T1D association in 784 nuclear families (two parents and at least one affected offspring) by the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT; G:A = 386:329, p = 0.033). However, because of linkage disequilibrium within OAS1 and with the other two OAS genes, functional attribution of the association to this SNP cannot be assumed. To help answer this question, we also genotyped two non-synonymous SNPs in OAS1 exons 3 and 7. Results: All three SNPs showed significant transmission distortion. Three of the eight possible haplotypes accounted for 98.4% of parental chromosomes and two of them carried the non-predisposing A allele at rs10774671. Parents heterozygous for these two haplotypes showed significant transmission distortion (p = 0.009) despite being homozygous at rs10774671. Conclusions: We confirm the T1D association with rs10774671, but we conclude that it cannot be attributed (solely) to the splicing variant rs10774671. A serine/glycine substitution in OAS1 exon 3 is more likely a functional variant.