Blood-based liquid biopsy: Insights into early detection and clinical management of lung cancer. (1st January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Cuiliu; Xiang, Xiaoqiang; Han, Shuangqing; Lim, Hannah Ying; Li, Lingrui; Zhang, Xing; Ma, Zhaowu; Yang, Li; Guo, Shuliang; Soo, Ross; Ren, Boxu; Wang, Lingzhi; Goh, Boon Cher
• Is Part Of: Cancer letters. Volume 524(2022)
• Page Start: 91
• Page End: 102
• Publication Date: 2022-01-01
• Subjects: Liquid biopsy -- Biomarkers -- Lung cancer -- Early detection -- Clinical management; LC lung cancer -- CT computed tomography -- LDCT low-dose CT -- CTCs circulating tumour cells -- lncRNA long non-coding RNA -- miRNA microRNA -- ctDNA circulating tumour DNA -- qPCR quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction -- PFS progression-free survival -- OS overall survival -- SOX2OT SOX2 overlapping transcript -- usctDNA ultra-short circulating tumour DNA -- cfDNA cell-free DNA -- DMRs differential methylation regions -- TSG tumour suppressor gene -- MSRE methyl-sensitive restriction enzyme -- SCLC small cell lung cancer -- EpCAM epithelial cell adhesion molecule -- ISET isolation by size of epithelial tumour cell technique -- EVs extracellular vesicles -- TDEs tumour-derived exosomes -- Exo-GAS5 arrest-specific transcript 5 in exosomes -- AHSG alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein -- ECM1 extracellular matrix protein 1 -- LBBs liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers -- AUC area under the curve -- NSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer -- MSI microsatellite instability -- LOH the loss of heterozygosity -- Exo-pro exosomal protein contents -- Exo-T/G exosomal Tim-3/Galectin-9 -- NRP no results posted -- NR not reported -- CS-MB chitosan-molecular beacon -- BSP bisulphite sequencing PCR -- MSP methylation specific PCR -- MS-HRM Methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting -- qRT-PCR Reverse Transcriptase PCR -- dd-PCR Droplet Digital PCR -- BEAMing Beads Emulsions Amplification and Magnetics -- NGS Next-generation sequencing -- dNTP deoxy-ribonucleoside triphosphate; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3835

Abstract

Abstract: Currently, early detection of lung cancer relies on the characterisation of images generated from computed tomography (CT). However, lung tissue biopsy, a highly invasive surgical procedure, is required to confirm CT-derived diagnostic results with very high false-positive rates. Hence, a non-invasive or minimally invasive biomarkers is essential to complement the existing low-dose CT (LDCT) for early detection, improve responses to a certain treatment, predict cancer recurrence, and to evaluate prognosis. In the past decade, liquid biopsies (e.g., blood) have been demonstrated to be highly effective for lung cancer biomarker discovery. In this review, the roles of emerging liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers such as circulating nucleic acids, circulating tumour cells (CTCs), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), as well as exosomes, have been highlighted. The advantages and limitations of these blood-based minimally invasive biomarkers have been discussed. Furthermore, the current progress of the identified biomarkers for clinical management of lung cancer has been summarised. Finally, a potential strategy for the early detection of lung cancer, using a combination of LDCT scans and well-validated biomarkers, has been discussed. Highlights: Liquid biopsies are slightly or non-invasive techniques for early cancer detection. Can identify many novel biomarkers in the blood, serum, or urine of patients. Help in early diagnosis and prognosis prediction in NSCLC patients. Be able to complement LDCT to form an effective platform for lung cancer screening.