A simple mass balance tool to predict carbon and nitrogen fluxes in anaerobic digestion systems. (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bareha, Y.; Affes, R.; Moinard, V.; Buffet, J.; Girault, R.
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 135(2021)
• Page Start: 47
• Page End: 59
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: AD Anaerobic digestion -- ADM1 Anaerobic digestion model n°1 -- ANMP Anaerobic nitrogen mineralization potential (kgN-NH4+.tFM−1) -- BioDC i, Carbon biodegradability for each substrate i (kgC.kgC−1) -- BioDN i, Organic nitrogen biodegradability for each substrate i (kgN.kgN−1) -- BMP Biochemical methane potential (Nm3CH4.tFM−1) -- C Carbon -- CH4 Methane -- CO2 Carbon dioxide -- FCH4 biogas, Methane flow from biogas production (Nm3CH4.y−1) -- FCO2 biogas, Carbon dioxide flow from biogas production (Nm3CO2.y−1 -- FFM Fresh matter flow (tFM.y−1) -- FFM_stored k, Fresh matter flow from stored digestate k (tFM.y−1) -- FFM digestate, Fresh matter flow from digestate (tFM.y−1) -- FFM i, Fresh matter input flow for each substrate i (tFM.y−1) -- FFM, j, t Fresh matter flow from digestate j using the method of separation t (tFM.y−1) -- FNH4+ digestate, Total NH4+ flow from digestate (tNH4+.y−1) -- FTC digestate, Total TC flow from digestate (tTC.y−1) -- FTKN digestate, Total TKN flow from digestate (tTKN.y−1) -- FTS digestate, Total TS flow from digestate (tTS.y−1) -- FVS digestate, Total VS flow from digestate (tVS.y−1) -- FX_stored, k Total mass X flow from stored digestate k (tX.y−1) -- FX digestate, Total mass X flow from digestate (tX.y−1) -- FX, emission, k Total mass flow emitted of X from digestate type k (j = raw, liquid, solid)(tX.y−1) -- FX j, t, Total mass X flow from digestate j using the method of separation t (tX.y−1) -- FX k, Total mass X flow from digestate type k (j = raw, liquid, solid)(tX.y−1) -- FX total, Total mass X input flux (tX.y−1) -- GIS Geographic information system -- HRT Hydraulic retention time (days) -- LCA Life cycle assessment -- MAELIA Multi-Agents for EnvironmentaL norms Impact Assessment -- MC Carbon molar mass (12 g.mol−1) -- N Nitrogen -- N2 Nitrogen gas -- N2O nitrous oxide -- NH3 Ammonia -- NH4+ Ammonium ion -- Norg Organic nitrogen (kgNorg.tFM−1) -- OBA Online Biogas App -- PMRY i, Potential mineralization rate obtained for the substrate i at Y(HRT) (-) -- SI Sensitivity index (%) -- TC Total carbon (kgTC.tFM−1) -- TKN Total Khjedal nitrogen (kgTKN.tFM−1) -- TS Total solids (kgTS.tFM−1) -- VM Molar volume under normal conditions (22.1 L.mol−1) -- VS Solatile solids (kgVS.tFM−1) -- Y(HRT)i BMP or ANMP reached at the HRT defined for substrate i (Nm3CH4.tFM−1 or kgN-NH4+.tFM−1) -- Yi BMP or ANMP reached according to Vedrenne et al.(2008) and Bareha et al.(2018) for substrate i (Nm3CH4.tFM−1or kgN-NH4+.tFM−1) -- αX j, t, Separation factor for mass X according to the type of digestate j (j = liquid, solid) using the method of separation t (t= screw press, centrifuge) (-) -- βX k, Mass reduction factor for mass X according to the type of digestate k (-) -- εX k, Emission factor for mass X according to the type of digestate k (-) -- [X]digestate Mass X concentration in the digestate (kgX.tFM−1) -- [X]I Mass X concentration for the substrate i (kgX.tFM−1) -- [X]j, t Mass X concentration for the digestate j using the method of separation t (kgX.tFM−1) -- [X]stored k, Mass X concentration in the stored digestate k (kgX.tFM−1) -- %CH4, i Methane rate in the biogas for each substrate i (-; Modeling -- Anaerobic digestion -- Digestate -- Phase separation -- Digestate storage; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.08.020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: A mass-balance tool enables estimation of anaerobic digestion systems outputs. All inputs have significant impact on, at least, one tool output. Model evaluation shows an accurate prediction for raw digestates and liquid phases. Phase separation and storage leads to prediction uncertainty for solid phase. Suitability of the tool for technical, economic and environmental applications. Abstract: The increase in anaerobic digestion systems has profoundly affected the waste management of territories, particularly for agricultural systems. Changes in cultural practices and imports of organic waste modify the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fluxes on territories where anaerobic digestion is implemented. Successful anaerobic digestion can increase the economic and ecological efficiency of the waste management system. Conversely, poor anaerobic digestion leads to low economic and environmental efficiency due to greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient loss. Modeling the impact of anaerobic digestion on the systems integrating anaerobic digestion can improve the efficiency of these practices. The aim of this study was to develop, analyze, and evaluate a simple mass balance tool able to predict carbon and nitrogen fluxes in anaerobic digestion systems. The tool is composed of an exhaustive substrate database used by three models: (i) an anaerobic digestion model that predicts C and N contents in biogas and digestate; (ii) a phase separation model that predicts C and N content in liquid and solid phase digestates; and (iii) a storage model that predicts C and N content in raw, liquid phase, and solid phase digestates, as well as C and N emissions during storage. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the tool to determine critical inputs. Sensitivity analysis showed that outputs were highly sensitive to their respective inputs and to total inputs of solids. Performance evaluation showed that the tool can provide good quality predictions with R 2 correlations between observation and prediction varying from 0.72 to 0.99 with the best predictions obtained for raw digestate.