Potentially toxic elements contamination in surface sediment and indigenous aquatic macrophytes of the Bahmanshir River, Iran: Appraisal of phytoremediation capability. (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Haghnazar, Hamed; Hudson-Edwards, Karen A.; Kumar, Vinod; Pourakbar, Mojtaba; Mahdavianpour, Mostafa; Aghayani, Ehsan
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 285(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: Potentially toxic elements -- Sediment contamination -- PCA-MLR -- Phytoremediation -- Typha latifolia L.; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131446
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: To determine the status and sources of contamination and phytoremediation capability of Typha latifolia L. in the Bahmanshir River of Iran, the concentration of eight potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in sediment and plant tissues from ten sampling sites were measured. Mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the sediment exceeded those of local background. PCA-MLR receptor analysis suggested that the sediment contamination was due to municipal wastewater/vehicular pollution and weathering/industrial/agricultural activities, with contributions of 66% and 34%, respectively. Average enrichment factor (EF) and modified hazard quotient (mHQ) for Pb and Cu were categorized as moderate. Modified pollution index (MPI) and modified ecological risk index (MRI) values suggested moderate to heavy pollution and low ecological risk, respectively. The values of sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), ecological contamination index (ECI), contamination severity index (CSI), and toxic risk index (TRI) were all similar, reflecting low to moderate contamination and toxicity. Typha latifolia L. showed good phytostabilization capability for Cd, Cu, and Pb, and phytoextraction capacity for Zn. Using the metal accumulation index (MAI) and the comprehensive bioconcentration index (CBCI ), Typha latifolia L. was shown to have acceptable performance in the accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn and thus, can be considered a good candidate for bioaccumulation of these elements in the study area. Overall, this study suggests that phytoremediation using Typha latifolia L. could be a practical method for uptake and remove of potentially toxic elements from aquatic environments. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn exceeded the local background concentration. Moderated level of enrichment was observed for Cu and Pb. Index-based approach for the overall assessment of the sediment quality indicated moderate contamination and toxicity. Municipal wastewater and vehicular pollution were found as the main sources of pollution. Typha latifolia L. represented phytoremediation capability for Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn.