Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome. Issue 12 (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Garthwaite, Taru; Sjöros, Tanja; Koivumäki, Mikko; Laine, Saara; Vähä-Ypyä, Henri; Saarenhovi, Maria; Kallio, Petri; Löyttyniemi, Eliisa; Sievänen, Harri; Houttu, Noora; Laitinen, Kirsi; Kalliokoski, Kari; Vasankari, Tommi; Knuuti, Juhani; Heinonen, Ilkka
• Is Part Of: Journal of science and medicine in sport. Volume 24:Issue 12(2021)
• Page Start: 1255
• Page End: 1260
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: APE angle for posture estimation -- BP blood pressure -- FFM fat free mass -- HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance -- LPA light physical activity -- MAD mean amplitude deviation -- MET metabolic equivalent -- MetS metabolic syndrome -- MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity -- NEFA non-esterified fatty acids -- PA physical activity -- SB sedentary behavior -- T2D type 2 diabetes -- WC waist circumference; Sedentary behavior -- Physical activity -- Cardiorespiratory fitness -- Insulin resistance -- Metabolic syndrome; Sports sciences -- Periodicals; Sports medicine -- Periodicals; Exercise -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- physiology -- Periodicals; Sports Medicine -- Periodicals; Sportgeneeskunde; 617.102705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.08.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1440-2440

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: To determine how components of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA), and fitness are associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome. Design: Cross-sectional. Methods: Target population was middle-aged (40–65 years) sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. SB, breaks in SB, standing, and PA were measured for four weeks with hip-worn accelerometers. VO2 max (ml/min/kg) was measured with maximal cycle ergometry. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (M-value) and fasting blood sampling (HOMA-IR, insulin). Multivariable regression was used for analyses. Results: Sixty-four participants (37 women; 58.3 [SD 6.8] years) were included. Participants spent 10.0 (1.0) h sedentary, 1.8 (0.6) h standing, and 2.7 (0.6) h in PA and took 5149 (1825) steps and 29 (8) breaks daily. In sex-, age- and accelerometer wear time-adjusted model SB, standing, steps and VO2 max were associated with M-value (β = −0.384; β = 0.400; β = 0.350; β = 0.609, respectively), HOMA-IR (β = 0.420; β = −0.548; β = −0.252; β = −0.449), and insulin (β = 0.433; β = −0.541; β = −0.252; β = −0.453); all p -values < 0.05. Breaks associated only with M-value (β = 0.277). When further adjusted for body fat %, only standing remained significantly associated with HOMA-IR (β = −0.381) and insulin (β = −0.366); significance was maintained even when further adjusted for SB, PA and fitness. Light and moderate-to-vigorous PA were not associated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity markers. The association with HOMA-IR and insulin is independent of adiposity, PA, SB and fitness. Further studies are warranted, but these findings encourage replacing sitting with standing for potential improvements in insulin sensitivity in adults at increased type 2 diabetes risk.