Geopolymer concrete as sustainable material: A state of the art review. (1st November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Farooq, Furqan; Jin, Xin; Faisal Javed, Muhammad; Akbar, Arslan; Izhar Shah, Muhammad; Aslam, Fahid; Alyousef, Rayed
• Is Part Of: Construction & building materials. Volume 306(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-11-01
• Subjects: Geopolymer -- Sustainability -- Durability -- Microstructure -- Waste materials -- Compressive strength -- Characterizations -- Applications; AAR alkali activator ratio -- AAS Na2SiO3/NaOH -- AA alkali-activated -- AAFA alkali-activated fly ash -- AD At the average depth of abrasion -- AS aluminosilicate -- AVPV the apparent volume of permeable voids -- BA bottom ash -- BAG blended ash geopolymer -- BFA biomass fly ash -- CAC Cilico-manganese fume -- CASH calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate -- CBA coal bottom ash -- CC cement concrete -- CG container glass -- CO2 carbon dioxide -- CS compressive strength -- CSH calcium silicate hydrate -- CT curing time -- ET elevated temperature -- FA fly ash -- FGDG flue gas desulfurization gypsum -- FS ferrochrome slag -- FT freeze-thaw -- FTIR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy -- GGBFS ground granulated blast furnace slag -- GLSS granulated lead smelter slag -- GP geopolymer -- GPC geopolymer concrete -- GPM geopolymer mortar -- GPP geopolymer paste -- GWP global warming potential -- HMNS high-magnesium nickel slag -- Ia grade of abrasion resistance -- IOT Iron ore tailing -- ITZ interfacial Transition Zone -- KHFA ultra-fine kaolite high-performance ash -- KL kaolin -- LS limestone -- LWA lightweight aggregate -- LWAGC lightweight aggregate geopolymer concrete -- LWC lightweight concrete -- M molarity -- MK metakaolin -- MPCM micro-encapsulated phase change materials -- NAGC natural aggregate geopolymer concrete -- NASH alumino-silicates gel -- NH sodium hydroxide -- NHNS sodium hydroxide plus sodium silicate solution -- NS sodium silicate -- OPC ordinary Portland cement -- PC cement repair -- PCC Portland cement concrete -- PCFA powder coal fly ash -- PCM phase-change material -- PFG palm fly ash geopolymer -- PG geopolymer repair -- PGS geopolymer repair with steel slag -- POFA palm oil fly ash -- RAGC Recycled aggregate geopolymer concrete -- RCA recycled concrete aggregate -- RHA rice husk ash -- RM red mud -- SBL styrene-butadiene latex -- SD sawdust -- SEM scanning electron microscope -- SF silica fume -- SFRGC Short fiber reinforced fly ash-geopolymer composites -- SMF silico-manganese fume -- SS/SH sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio -- SSD Saturated surface dry -- XRD X-Ray diffraction; Building materials -- Periodicals; 624.18
• DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124762
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0950-0618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: A comprehensive review of geopolymer concrete. Constituents of geopolymer concrete in detail. Characterization of geopolymer concrete. Properties of geopolymer concrete. Environmental impact of geopolymer concrete. Abstract: The rise in population and improvement in the lifestyle of human beings has caused a rapid increase in energy demands for buildings in the present day. An upsurge in energy demand, lack of fossil fuels, and environmental issues provide a crucial motive to the development of sustainable and viable infrastructure. Geopolymer (GP) composite free from cement, made from various waste materials with a high amount of Al2 SiO3 and Na2 SiO3 /NaOH (alkali-activated silica) is evolving as an eminent material for sustainability purposes. They are also preferred due to the lesser emission of greenhouse gases as compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). This paper aims at presenting a sustainable domain and state of the art review of GP composite. The properties of composites made from various geopolymeric waste binders are presented. Besides, the microstructure and chemical characterization of GP composites are also discussed. The durability of GP composite is also highlighted considering its deterioration in various aggressive environments. In the end, a global warming potential (GWP) assessment was conducted and the practical applications of GP composites in the building industry are also provided.