Antioxidant‐modulated cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles. Issue 11 (21st April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Barbasz, Anna; Oćwieja, Magdalena; Piergies, Natalia; Duraczyńska, Dorota; Nowak, Anna
• Is Part Of: Journal of applied toxicology. Volume 41:Issue 11(2021)
• Page Start: 1863
• Page End: 1878
• Publication Date: 2021-04-21
• Subjects: antioxidants -- ascorbic acid -- cytotoxicity -- gallic acid -- HL‐60 -- silver nanoparticles -- tumoral cells -- U‐937; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Industrial toxicology -- Periodicals; Environmentally induced diseases -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; 615.9005
• DOI: 10.1002/jat.4173
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0260-437X

Abstract

Abstract: The properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using compounds exhibiting biological activity seem to constitute an interesting issue worthy of examination. In these studies, two types of AgNPs were synthesized by a chemical reduction method using well‐known antioxidants: gallic acid (GA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the AgNPs were spherical. The average size was equal to 26 ± 6 nm and 20 ± 7 nm in the case of ascorbic acid‐silver nanoparticles (AAgNPs) and gallic acid‐silver nanoparticles (GAAgNPs), respectively. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) confirmed that the AgNPs were not stabilized by pure forms of applied antioxidants. Changes in mitochondrial activity and secretion of inflammatory and apoptosis mediators after the exposure of human promyelocytic (HL‐60) and histiocytic lymphoma (U‐937) cells to the AgNPs were studied to determine the impact of stabilizing layers on nanoparticle toxicity. The GAAgNPs were found to be more toxic for the cells than the AAgNPs. Their toxicity was manifested by a strong reduction in mitochondrial activity and induction of the secretion of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and caspase‐9. The addition of pure antioxidants to the AgNP suspensions was found to influence their toxicity. There was a significant positive effect in the case of the mixture of AA with AAgNPs and GA with GAAgNPs. The results obtained suggest that the presence of stabilizing agents adsorbed on the surface of AgNPs is the main factor in shaping their toxicity. Nevertheless, the toxic effect can be also tuned by the introduction of free antioxidant molecules to the AgNP suspensions. Abstract : Cytotoxic activity of AgNPs strongly depends on chemical structure of stabilizing layers. Ascorbic acid‐silver nanoparticles (AAgNPs) are less toxic than gallic acid‐silver nanoparticles (GAAgNPs). The presence of free antioxidants modify toxic effects induced by AgNPs.