Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Blood–Brain Barrier permeability in Dementia. (15th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chagnot, Audrey; Barnes, Samuel R.; Montagne, Axel
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience. Volume 474(2021)
• Page Start: 14
• Page End: 29
• Publication Date: 2021-10-15
• Subjects: AD Alzheimer's disease -- ASL arterial spin labeling -- BBB blood–brain barrier -- cSVD cerebral small vessel disease -- DCE-MRI dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging -- EPVS enlarged perivascular spaces -- GBCAs gadolinium-based contrast agents -- MCI mild cognitive impairment -- NVU neurovascular unit -- SPGR spoiled gradient echo -- SSS superior sagittal sinus -- VFA variable flip angle -- VTR variable time repetition -- WMH white matter hyperintensities -- Aβ amyloid-β -- APOE apolipoprotein E -- AQP4 aquaporin-4 -- BD Binswanger's disease -- CSF cerebrospinal fluid -- FLASH fast low angle shot -- Gd gadolinium -- GRE gradient echo -- MTL medial temporal lobe -- pTau phosphorylated tau -- RF radiofrequency; magnetic resonance imaging -- blood-brain barrier -- cerebral small vessel disease -- Alzheimer's disease -- dementia; Neurochemistry -- Periodicals; Neurophysiology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurochimie -- Périodiques; Neurophysiologie -- Périodiques; Neurochemistry; Neurophysiology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4522

Abstract

Highlights: BBB breakdown is a major driving force in dementia pathology. DCE-MRI is the most advanced method to investigate BBB leakage in the living human and rodent brain. Many different DCE-MRI techniques and imaging processing methods exist. Detecting subtle BBB breakdown using DCE-MRI can be challenging. Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) are the two main causes of dementia with blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown being a common contributor. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques offer new possibilities to understand how the brain functions in health and disease. This includes methods such as dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) which allows the detection of subtle regional changes in the BBB integrity. The purpose of this work is to provide a review on the recent DCE-MRI findings of subtle BBB leakage focusing on cSVD and AD, including both clinical and pre-clinical studies. Despite being widely used and well-established, we also highlight some of the DCE-MRI challenges and pitfalls faced in the context of dementia inherent to the subtle nature of BBB impairment.