A blockchain based solution for the custody of digital files in forensic medicine. (December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lusetti, Monia; Salsi, Luca; Dallatana, Andrea
• Is Part Of: Forensic science international. Volume 35(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-12
• Subjects: Forensic science -- Digital file integrity -- Secure evidence storage -- Blockchain -- Cryptography
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsidi.2020.301017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2666-2817

Abstract

Abstract: Despite the benefits that digital forensic medical evidence offers, the custody and sharing of such information remains an ongoing problem. While waiting for an optimal solution, both professionals and institutions must evaluate their options and choose the least disadvantageous among them. This paper proposes resolving the problem through an operational hybrid platform that uses a consensus mechanism to record a transparent history of access and prevent unauthorised users from modifying it. The digital evidence is encrypted and saved in an online file storage system, while the file properties are stored on a private implementation of the Hyperledger Fabric™ blockchain. The blockchain nodes allow access to the data through a dynamic consensus mechanism, and all operations (like uploads, views, or deletions) are continuously and permanently recorded on the blockchain. The network is safe and accessible through a dedicated application. All information is agreed upon and shared between the blockchain nodes to avoid single points of failure, and secure access to digital evidence is assured by combining cryptography and the blockchain consensus mechanism. The result is a secure and complete framework with which to upload, store and share digital forensic medical evidence. Despite some limitations, this proposal offers an implementable solution for the custody of digital evidence in forensic medicine that has been identified through existing and innovative technologies, the implementation of a proof of principle prototype, and benchmarks. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Digital forensic medical evidence offers many benefits. Digital evidence custody and sharing is still an open problem within the forensic community. Cryptography mechanisms guarantee security and privacy of digital files. Blockchain allows a dynamic consensus mechanism and decentralised data recording.