Biocompatible nanoreactors of catalase and nanozymes for anticancer therapeutics. Issue 10 (16th March 2021) - Munjal, Tanya
Abstract: Significant progress has laid the groundwork in understanding the fundamental role of catalase enzyme and catalase‐like nanozymes, notably with the emergence of nano‐bioreactors which are promoting nanomaterials‐based antitumor therapeutic strategies. The radiotherapy techniques such as photodynamic, photothermal, photoacoustic and along with chemotherapy are extensively used for interrupting microenvironment by exerting to locally applied ionizing‐radiations. Nevertheless, tumor therapy not only deficient in therapeutic efficiency for various solid tumors but also alerts significant side effects. The convergence of nano‐bioreactor driven catalase delivery at the lysosome of tumor cells with photodynamic therapy (PDT) tool along with the engineered catalase‐like nanozymes enable outstanding efficacy of radiotherapy for in vivo target specific cell population. Herein, the state of the art of catalase delivering nano‐bioreactors that activate the catalase delivery in tumor microenvironment (TME) are reviewed. This was linked with the functional mimic catalase‐like engineered nanozymes for improving the challenges in the TME for a wide‐range of cell lines in vivo. Such nanoarchitecture‐based strategies of catalase and synthetic nanozymes include lysosomal upregulation of H2 O2 in TME, image‐based probing, and mechanism of catalase action for reactive oxygen species generation which are likely to amplify efficiency of cancer therapy. Abstract : Acquaintance of treatment of necrotic cells with conventional method of oxygen delivery at target site instigates the nanotechnologist to fabricate the advanced therapy including catalase based nanozymes and nanoreactors for in‐situ O2 generation in hypoxic tumor microenvironment for promoting ROS production which significantly enhances chemo/radio/photo prevention, diagnosis, imaging and treatment of diseased cells.