Wastewater nutrients and coliforms removals in tidal flow constructed wetland: Effect of the plant (Typha) stand and biochar addition. (October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chand, Naveen; Suthar, Surindra; Kumar, Kapil
• Is Part Of: Journal of water process engineering. Volume 43(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-10
• Subjects: Biochar -- N mineralization -- COD -- Typha sp. -- Fecal coliform removal; Water-supply engineering -- Periodicals; Saline water conversion -- Periodicals; Seawater -- Distillation -- Periodicals; Sanitary engineering -- Periodicals; Sewage -- Purification -- Periodicals; 627
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102292
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2214-7144

Abstract

Abstract: Constructed wetlands (CWs) could be a sustainable approach to address the issue of low-cost treatment of domestic wastewaters in rural and sub-urban areas. The present study compiles the results of a mesoscale study of tidal flow constructed wetlands (TF-CWs) with biochar (BC) incorporation and Typha plantation (P). The decision appeared to be decent for treating wastewater or various parameters like biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3 -N), sulphate (SO4 −2 ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate (PO4 −3 ), and coliforms in TF-CW with tidal flow mode with effluent recirculation. Three setups of TF-CW (SB: substrate + BC ; SBP: substrate + BC + P; and SP: a substrate + P) operated for 216 h and changes in studied parameters were recorded. The enhanced results were obtained for the maximum removal of COD, BOD, NH4 + -N, NO3 -N, PO4 −, SO4 −2 and coliforms (94.77, 96.07, 85.65, 64.05, 71.69, 77.61 and 97.27%, respectively) in SBP followed by, SP and SB. Presence of carbon source in support matrix could enhance microbial activities, providing extra adsorptive surface, and oxygen retention which could be advantageous for TF-CWs. Thus the study suggests that TF-CWs with effluent re-circulation and BC addition in the substratum can be an effective strategy to operate a CW effectively in remote areas for domestic and rural wastewater treatment with low energy input. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Tidal flow constructed wetlands (TF-CW) can be handy and effective in remote areas. COD, BOD and NH4 + -N reduction improved in tidal flow operation. Coliforms' reduction was quite effective with maximum efficacy of 97.27%. Overall N dynamics governed by the biochar, plant stand and the DO levels in TF-CW.