A 10‐Item Frailty Index Based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (FI‐CGA‐10) in Older Adults with Cancer: Development and Construct Validation. (10th July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nishijima, Tomohiro F.; Shimokawa, Mototsugu; Esaki, Taito; Morita, Masaru; Toh, Yasushi; Muss, Hyman B.
• Is Part Of: Oncologist. Volume 26:Number 10(2021)
• Page Start: e1751
• Page End: e1760
• Publication Date: 2021-07-10
• Subjects: Frailty -- Comprehensive geriatric assessment -- Construct validation -- Frailty index -- Older adults with cancer; Oncology -- Periodicals; Tumors -- Periodicals; Cancérologie -- Périodiques; Tumeurs -- Périodiques; Oncology; Tumors; Neoplasms; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Periodicals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1002/onco.13894
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1083-7159

Abstract

Abstract: Background: A frailty index (FI) based on domain‐level deficits identified through a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) has been previously developed and validated in general geriatric patients. Our objectives were to construct an FI‐CGA and to assess its construct validity in the geriatric oncology setting. Methods: Five hundred forty consecutive Japanese patients with cancer who underwent a CGA on a geriatric oncology service were included (median age 80 years, range 66–96 years). We developed a 10‐item frailty index based on deficits in 10 domains (FI‐CGA‐10): cognition, mood, communication, mobility, balance, nutrition, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, social support, and comorbidity. Deficits in each domain were scored as 0 (no problem), 0.5 (minor problem), and 1.0 (major problem). Scores were calculated by dividing the sum of the scores for each domain by 10 and then categorized as fit (<0.2), pre‐frail (0.2–0.35), and frail (>0.35). Construct validity was tested by correlating the FI‐CGA‐10 with other established frailty measures. Results: FI‐CGA‐10 was well approximated by the gamma distribution. Overall, 20% of patients were fit, 41% were pre‐frail, and 39% were frail. FI‐CGA‐10 was correlated with Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) Clinical Frailty Scale (r = 0.83), CSHA rules‐based frailty definition (r = 0.67), and CSHA Function Score (r = 0.77). Increasing levels of frailty were significantly associated with functional and cognitive impairments, high comorbidity burden, poor self‐rated health, and low estimated survival probabilities. Conclusion: The FI‐CGA‐10 is a user‐friendly and construct‐validated measure for quantifying frailty from a CGA. Implications for Practice: This article describes the construction of a user‐friendly 10‐item frailty index based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment (FI‐CGA‐10) for older adults with cancer: cognition, mood, communication, mobility, balance, nutrition, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, social support, and comorbidity. The FI‐CGA‐10 simplifies the original FI‐CGA used in the general geriatric setting while maintaining its content validity. The index's construct validity was demonstrated in a cohort of older adults with various cancer types. The advantage of the FI‐CGA‐10 is that a frailty score can be calculated more readily and interpreted in a more clinically sensible manner than the original FI‐CGA. Abstract : Frailty is associated with chemotherapy intolerance, postoperative complications, and death. This study aimed to construct an easy‐to‐use frailty index based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment that would be applicable in the geriatric oncology setting.