Autophagosome Biogenesis Machinery. Issue 8 (3rd April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Walker, Simon A.; Ktistakis, Nicholas T.
• Is Part Of: Journal of molecular biology. Volume 432:Issue 8(2020)
• Page Start: 2449
• Page End: 2461
• Publication Date: 2020-04-03
• Subjects: Autophagosomes -- mTOR -- ULK complex -- VPS34 complex -- Mitophagy; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Bacteriology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Biologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Moleculaire biologie; Biochemistry; Biology; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.10.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-2836

Abstract

Abstract: We review current knowledge of the process of autophagosome formation with special emphasis on the very early steps: turning on the autophagy pathway, assembling the autophagy machinery, and building the autophagosome. The pathway is remarkably well coordinated spatially and temporally, and it shows broad conservation across species and cell types, including neurons. In addition, although much current knowledge derives mostly from settings of nonselective autophagy, recent work also indicates that selective autophagy, and more specifically mitophagy, shows similar dynamics. Having an understanding of this remarkable process may help the design of novel therapeutics for neurodegeneration and other pathologies. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Autophagy induction is spatially and temporally coordinated. The ULK and VPS34 machineries are activated after mTOR inactivation. Precursor structures adjacent to the ER give rise to autophagosomes. The process is conserved in neuronal cells. Selective and nonselective autophagy rely on similar but not identical machineries.