Effects of elk and bison carcasses on soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions in Yellowstone, USA. (27th June 2020)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Effects of elk and bison carcasses on soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions in Yellowstone, USA. (27th June 2020)
- Main Title:
- Effects of elk and bison carcasses on soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions in Yellowstone, USA
- Authors:
- Risch, Anita C.
Frossard, Aline
Schütz, Martin
Frey, Beat
Morris, Aaron W.
Bump, Joseph K. - Editors:
- Leroux, Shawn
- Abstract:
- Abstract: Carrion is long recognized as important to scavengers. How carrion may affect soil microbial biodiversity and ecosystem processes in natural systems is comparatively unknown, but is important for the intersection of vertebrate food webs, below‐ground processes and ecological heterogeneity. We assessed in situ soil and plant responses to wolf‐killed mammal carrion in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Bison and elk carcasses increased soil respiration and vegetation nutrient concentration and the carcasses contain altered bacterial and fungal communities compared to control plots. The 'fingerprints' of soil microbial taxa associated with bison compared to elk carcasses differed considerably and taxa are found dependent upon abiotic gradients and soil properties. We found evidence that soil microbial community changes associated with carcasses may not be as generalizable as previously thought, which is important for a mechanistic understanding of the links between carrion and soil heterogeneity and potentially for applications in forensic science. This work demonstrates the importance of carrion studies in natural systems. Our findings show that carrion creates distinct ecological patterns that contribute to both above‐ and below‐ground biological heterogeneity, linking carrion distribution dynamics with soil microbial biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Abstract : A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.Abstract: Carrion is long recognized as important to scavengers. How carrion may affect soil microbial biodiversity and ecosystem processes in natural systems is comparatively unknown, but is important for the intersection of vertebrate food webs, below‐ground processes and ecological heterogeneity. We assessed in situ soil and plant responses to wolf‐killed mammal carrion in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Bison and elk carcasses increased soil respiration and vegetation nutrient concentration and the carcasses contain altered bacterial and fungal communities compared to control plots. The 'fingerprints' of soil microbial taxa associated with bison compared to elk carcasses differed considerably and taxa are found dependent upon abiotic gradients and soil properties. We found evidence that soil microbial community changes associated with carcasses may not be as generalizable as previously thought, which is important for a mechanistic understanding of the links between carrion and soil heterogeneity and potentially for applications in forensic science. This work demonstrates the importance of carrion studies in natural systems. Our findings show that carrion creates distinct ecological patterns that contribute to both above‐ and below‐ground biological heterogeneity, linking carrion distribution dynamics with soil microbial biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Abstract : A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Zusammenfassung: Dass Tierkadaver wichtig für Aasfresser sind, ist seit langem bekannt. Kaum bekannt ist jedoch, dass jeder Kadaver eine Stelle mit einmaligen ökologischen Eigenschaften darstellt, welcher die mikrobielle Biodiversität im Boden und Ökosystemprozesse beeinflusst und damit für grosse Heterogenität in natürlichen Ökosystemen sorgt. Wir untersuchten im Yellowstone‐Nationalpark, USA, in situ wie sich die Eigenschaften des Bodens und der Vegetation unter von Wölfen gerissenen Bison‐ und Wapiti‐Kadavern wandeln. Bison‐ und Wapiti‐Kadaver erhöhten die Bodenatmung und die Nährstoffkonzentration der Vegetation und veränderten die Bakterien‐ und Pilzgemeinschaften im Boden im Vergleich zu den Kontrollflächen. Die mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften im Boden unter Bison‐Kadavern unterschieden sich jedoch auch erheblich von jenen unter Wapiti‐Kadavern. Zusätzlich beeinflussten Bodeneigenschaften und die geografische Lage der Kadaver die Zusammensetzung der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften. Bisher wurde davon ausgegangen, dass Kadaver immer zu ähnlichen und voraussagbaren Veränderungen in den mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften führen. Unsere Studie weist jedoch darauf hin, dass diese Veränderungen nicht so verallgemeinerbar sein dürften, wie bisher angenommen. Dies ist wichtig, um die Mechanismen zu verstehen, die zwischen Kadavern und der Bodenheterogenität wirken, auch im Hinblick auf mögliche Anwendungen in der forensischen Wissenschaft. Diese Arbeit zeigt, welche Bedeutung Kadaver‐Studien in natürlichen Ökosystemen haben. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Kadaver unterschiedliche ökologische Muster erzeugen, die sowohl über‐ wie unterirdisch zu biologischer Heterogenität beitragen. Die grossräumige und langfristige Kadaver‐Verteilung in natürlichen Ökosystemen dürfte deshalb mit der mikrobiellen Biodiversität und den Bodenfunktionen verknüpft sein. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Functional ecology. Volume 34:Number 9(2020)
- Journal:
- Functional ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 34:Number 9(2020)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 34, Issue 9 (2020)
- Year:
- 2020
- Volume:
- 34
- Issue:
- 9
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2020-0034-0009-0000
- Page Start:
- 1933
- Page End:
- 1944
- Publication Date:
- 2020-06-27
- Subjects:
- bacteria -- biogeochemical cycling -- carcass -- carrion -- decomposition -- detritus -- fungi -- soil biodiversity
Ecology -- Periodicals
574.505 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=fecoe5 ↗
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0269-8463&site=1 ↗
http://www.jstor.org/journals/02698463.html ↗
http://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2435/ ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org/journal=0269-8463;screen=info;ECOIP ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2435.13611 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0269-8463
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4055.616000
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