Development and Validation of Finite Element Analysis Model (FEM) of Craniovertebral Junction: Experimental Biomechanical Cadaveric Study. Issue 16 (15th August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gupta, Deepak; Zubair, Mohd; Lalwani, Sanjeev; Gamanagatti, Shiva; Roy, Tara Sankar; Mukherjee, Sudipto; Kale, Shashank Sharad
• Is Part Of: Spine. Volume 45:Issue 16(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08-15
• Subjects: biomechanical -- cadaveric -- craniovertebral junction -- FEM -- finite element analysis model; Spine -- Abnormalities -- Periodicals; Spine -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Spine -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 616.73005
• DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003491
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0362-2436

Abstract

Abstract : Study Design: Experimental Cadaveric Biomechanical Study. Objective: To establish an experimental procedure in cadavers to estimate joint stiffness/stability at craniovertebral junction (CVJ) region with various implant systems and to develop/validate an indigenous cost effective 3D—FEM (three-dimensional finite element model) of CVJ region. Summary of Background Data: Finite element analysis (FEM) tools can provide estimates of internal stress and strain in response to external loading of various implant systems used in CVJ fixations. Methods: Experimental setup for conducting biomechanical movements on CVJ region of cadaver was developed using cost effective innovative tools. A manually actuated seven- degrees of freedom parallel manipulator motion testing system (MA7DPM) was designed and developed to impart designed trajectories and to conduct various biomechanical motion studies at CVJ region for the present study. Results: FEM model of CVJ region was developed and subsequently validated with CVJ morphometry data of 15 human subjects of Asian origin. Validated FEM was subjected to force motion studies at the CVJ region. The force-motion maps obtained from the FEM studies were subsequently validated against biomechanical experiment results from cadaveric experiment results obtained with three different implant fixations. Conclusions: A cost effective biomechanical tool (which did not require decapitation of cadaveric head) and a customised chair (to place cadaver in sitting position during conduct of biomechanical movements simulating real-life scenario) was indigenously designed and developed. Developed biomechanical tool (MA7DPM) for this study is likely to be useful for stress-testing analysis of various implant systems for individual patients undergoing surgery at CVJ region in near future. Level of Evidence: 5 Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the textFinite element analysis tools can be useful for biomechanical stress testing for craniovertebral junction fixations. Experimental setup for conducting biomechanical movements on CVJ region of nondecapitated cadaver was developed and validated using cost effective innovative tools. Developed biomechanical tool (MA7DPM) can be used for stress-testing analysis of various implant systems.