Valorization of citrus lemon wastes through biorefinery approach: An industrial symbiosis. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kundu, Debajyoti; Banerjee, Subhodeep; Karmakar, Sandipan; Banerjee, Rintu
• Is Part Of: Bioresource technology reports. Volume 15(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: Bioethanol -- Citrus lemon -- Essential oil -- Optimization -- Partial simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation -- Pectin; Biomass energy -- Periodicals; Biotransformation (Metabolism) -- Periodicals; Agricultural wastes -- Periodicals; Factory and trade waste -- Periodicals; Organic wastes -- Periodicals; Waste products as fuel -- Periodicals; Waste products as fuel; Organic wastes; Factory and trade waste; Biotransformation (Metabolism); Biomass energy; Agricultural wastes; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 662.88
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100717
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2589-014X

Abstract

Abstract: The present article deals with the processing of Assam lemon (AL), which is rare and under-explored variety and is abundantly available in North-East India. Studies on valorization of Assam lemon waste (ALW) into various value-added products are limited. During pre-processing of ALW a 4.19 ± 0.11% (v/w) essential oil and 12.67 ± 0.46% (w/w) pectin were recovered. Thereafter, the treated biomass was subjected to partial simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (PSSCF) for ethanol production. The maximum ethanol yield was obtained as 12.16 ± 0.15% (v/v) when solid loading, temperature, time and pentose to hexose utilizing strains ratio were kept as 30% (w/v), 35 °C, 24 h and 0.5, respectively. Model was found to be significant having R 2 and R 2 (adj.) of 99.93 and 99.86, respectively. Fermented biomass showed a drastic reduction in crystallinity index (19.49%) along with a major change in FTIR peaks, which corroborates the improved bioconversion process. The overall process efficiency was found to be 69.17%. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: EOs and pectin were recovered as 4.19 ± 0.11% and 12.67 ± 0.46% as byproducts. Process efficiency was found to be 69.17% having 12.16 ± 0.15% ( v /v) ethanol. The productivity of ethanol from ALW was 3.83 g/L/h. Bio-transformed ALW showed changes in crystallinity index and functional group.