A comprehensive review on Sesamum indicum L.: Botanical, ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects. (5th December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mili, Ajay; Das, Subham; Nandakumar, Krishnadas; Lobo, Richard
• Is Part Of: Journal of ethnopharmacology. Volume 281(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12-05
• Subjects: Sesamum indicum L. -- Pedaliaceae -- Morphology -- Phytochemistry -- Ethnomedicinal use -- Pharmacology; ACF Aberrent crypti foci -- NK cells Natural killers cells -- RANTES Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted -- MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -- IL-4 Interleukin-4 -- IL-6 Interleukin-6 -- IL-10 Interleukin-10 -- IL-1α Interleukin-1α -- LDL-R−/− Low density lipoprotein receptor knockout -- TNBS 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid -- MSU Monosodium urate monohydrate -- VLDLc Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol -- LDLc low-density lipoprotein cholesterol -- HDLc High density lipoprotein cholesterol -- LDL Low density lipoprotein -- TG Triglycerides -- TC Total cholesterol -- ALT Alanine aminotransferase -- ALP Alkaline phosphatase -- AST Aspartate aminotransferase -- DOCA Deoxycorticosterone acetate -- AChE Acetylcholinesterase -- BChE Butyrylcholinesterase -- MES Maximal electroshock seizure -- PTZ Pentylenetetrazole -- SN Strychnine nitrate -- SO Sesame oil -- AO Allium sativum oil -- MMP-9 Matrix metalloproteinase -- LPO Lipidperoxidation -- BUN Blood urea nitrogen -- ROS Reactive oxygen species -- GSH Glutathione -- BAP Benzo[a]pyrene -- NaN3 sodium azide -- H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide -- DPPH 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl -- SC Seed coat -- DS Dehulled seeds -- TAC Total antioxidant capacity -- IC50 Inhibition concentration -- TEAC Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity -- FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power -- ABTS 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) -- CAT Catalase -- SOD Superoxide dismutase -- TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance -- GST Glutathione-S-transferase -- GPx Glutathione peroxidase -- STZ Streptozotocin -- MHES Methanol eluent fraction of hot water extract -- WHES Water eluent fraction of hot water extract -- HES Hot water extract of defatted Sesame seeds -- BD Basal diet -- rs2 Resistant starch type 2 -- wsp Whole Sesame paste -- B1 1-butanol fraction -- PB Petroleum benzene fraction -- AE Acetyl ether fraction -- DE Diethyl ether fraction -- WF water fraction -- TNF-α Tumour necrosis factor-α -- HFD High-fat diet -- ECG Electrocardiograph -- sbp Systolic blood pressure -- dbp Diastolic blood pressure -- LVH Left ventricular hypertrophy -- CUMS Chronic unpredictable mild stress -- TST Tail suspension test -- FST Forced swim test -- ACP Acid phosphatase -- VOD Veno-occlusive disease -- MDR Multidrug resistant -- HA1c Haemoglobin A1c -- HbA1c Glycated haemoglobin -- MS Mass spectroscopy -- GC Gas chromatography -- LC Liquid chromatography -- NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance -- IR Infrared -- HR-MS High resolution mass spectrometry -- DEPT Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer -- COSY homonuclear correlation spectroscopy -- NOESY Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy -- HMBC Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Coherence -- HMQC Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence -- UV Ultraviolet; Ethnopharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosie -- Périodiques; Herbes -- Périodiques; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114503
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-8741

Abstract

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Sesamum indicum L. (Pedaliaceae) is an annual plant, which has been domesticated for well over 5000 years. It is widely cultivated for its seeds and is one of the oldest known oilseed crops. Traditionally, its seeds, seed oil, and different organs of the plant have been used to treat various diseases or conditions like ulcers, asthma, wound healing, amenorrhea, hemorrhoids, inflammations, etc. Aim of the review: The main aim of this review is to provide an outline and to assess the reported ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies of Sesamum indicum L. Materials and methods: An extensive literature survey was done on various search engines like PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Science direct, etc. Other literature sources like Wikipedia, Ethnobotanical books, Chapters were also studied to get maximum information possible on the Sesamum indicum L. Results: Over 160 different phytochemical compounds have been characterized and isolated from seeds, seed oil, and various plant organs, including lignans, polyphenols, phytosterols, phenols, anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, triterpenes, cerebroside, fatty acids, vitamins, proteins, essential amino acids, and sugars using suitable analytical techniques (e.g., LC-MS, GC-MS, HPTLC, HPLC). All the reported pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory are due to the virtue of these phytochemical compounds. Conclusion: This review mainly highlights the botanical aspect of Sesamum indicum and its phytochemical constituents, ethnomedicinal uses, different pharmacological activities followed by ongoing clinical trials and future prospects. Sesamum indicum has great importance in traditional Indian medicine, which is further supported by modern pharmacological studies, especially in hepatoprotection, inflammation, and cancer. Several researchers have suggested that Sesamum indicum extracts and isolated compounds could have a wide therapeutic potency range. More research is needed to uncover key features of Sesamum indicum in medical practice, such as structure-activity relationships, toxicity, and therapeutic potential. In order to fully explore the plant's potential, safety assessments and implementation of an integrated cultivation method are also areas that need to investigate. Graphical abstract: Image 1