Maternal and neonatal outcomes after energy-restricted diet for women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Issue 14 (9th April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Feng, Yaofang; Zhao, Zengcai; Fu, Dayin; Gao, Wen; Zhang, Fei
• Other Names: Perovic. Milan section editor.
• Is Part Of: Medicine. Volume 100:Issue 14(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-04-09
• Subjects: calorie restriction -- dietary intervention -- gestational diabetes mellitus -- meta-analysis; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine -- Périodiques; Geneeskunde; Medicine; Periodicals; Periodicals; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025279
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-7974

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 1% to 14% of pregnant women annually worldwide and is one of the most common pregnancy complications. Objective: We reviewed studies on maternal and neonatal outcomes after dietary managements for women with GDM comparing caloric-restricted (intervention group) and unrestricted diets (control group). Methods: We systematically searched online databases including Medline, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from inception until September 2019. We performed a meta-analysis with random-effects model and reported pooled risk ratios (RRs) or pooled mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We analyzed data from 6 randomized controlled trials including 1300 participants, most of them with high bias risks. We found that the women in the intervention group achieved slightly better glycemic control (pooled MD, −0.72 mg/dL; 95% CI, −7.10 to 5.66 mg/dL) and overall pregnancy outcomes (except neonatal hypoglycemia) than the women in the control group. Conclusion: An energy-restricted diet does not seem superior to the usual/standard GDM diet based on maternal or neonatal outcomes. But, clinical recommendations cannot be made as the evidence is inconclusive. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text