Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children during the coronavirus disease 2019 in Saudi Arabia: Clinical perspective from a case series. Issue 22 (4th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Asseri, Ali A.; AlHelali, Ibrahim; Elbastawisi, Emad; Ali, Abdelwahid S.; Al-Qahtani, Saleh M.; Shati, Ayed A.; Awadalla, Nabil J.
• Other Names: Cruz. Jorddy Neves section editor.
• Is Part Of: Medicine. Volume 100:Issue 22(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-06-04
• Subjects: children -- coronavirus disease 2019 -- multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children -- PICU -- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine -- Périodiques; Geneeskunde; Medicine; Periodicals; Periodicals; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025919
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-7974

Abstract

Abstract : Abstract: Most of the reports about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children reported mild-to-moderate disease manifestations. However, recent reports explored a rare pediatric multisystem syndrome possibly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection termed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The study prospectively enrolled 5 patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. They were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Their clinical presentation, laboratory, and outcome were described. All patients shared similar clinical presentations such as persistent documented fever for more than 3 days, respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal involvement, and increased inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR, and ferritin). Three patients had concurrent positive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and the other 2 patients had contact with suspected COVID-19 positive patients. They were all managed in the PICU and received intravenous immunoglobulin, systemic steroid, and hydroxychloroquine. The hospital stays ranged between 3 and 21 days. One patient died due to severe multiorgan failures and shock, and the other 4 patients were discharged with good conditions. Pediatric patients with SARS–CoV-2 are at risk for MIS-C. MIS-C has a spectrum of clinical and laboratory presentations, and the clinicians need to have a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis and should initiate its early treatment to avoid unfavorable outcomes. Long-term follow-up studies will be required to explore any sequelae of MIS-C, precisely the cardiovascular complications.