Current status and future perspective of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. (28th November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhou, Cong; Cheng, Xiaojiao; Tu, Shuiping
• Is Part Of: Cancer letters. Volume 521(2021)
• Page Start: 119
• Page End: 129
• Publication Date: 2021-11-28
• Subjects: Colorectal cancer -- Immunotherapy -- Immune checkpoint inhibitor; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.023
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3835

Abstract

Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as a subverter of immunotherapy in oncology, are changing all aspects of therapy for malignant tumors, especially their remarkable effects on melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For colorectal cancer (CRC), only a small number of patients with high immunogenicity (microsatellite instability-high/mismatch-repair deficient (MSI-H/dMMR)) benefit greatly from ICIs treatment, and most CRC patients with low immunogenicity (microsatellite instability-low/mismatch-repair proficient (MSI-L/pMMR)) do not. Currently, numerous clinical trials are ongoing to improve CRC patients' response to ICIs immunotherapy through better patient selection and novel combination strategies. Thus, this review discusses the current status and latest progress of ICIs treatment in CRC. We expect that these studies can change the pattern of CRC immunotherapy in the future. Highlights: ● Colorectal cancer(CRC)can be divided into different immunophenotypes, which influences clinical decision-making. ● CRC patients with high immunogenicity benefit greatly from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), thus finding more effective response-markers and overcoming resistance are the main directions. ● Numerous studies are trying combination therapies of ICIs, which not only improve the benefits of patients with highly immunogenic CRC, but also induce the response of patients with low immunogenic CRC.