Topramezone: A selective post-emergence herbicide in chickpea for higher weed control efficiency and crop productivity. (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nath, C.P.; Kumar, Narendra; Hazra, K.K.; Praharaj, C.S.; Singh, S.S.; Dubey, R.P.; Sharma, A.R.
• Is Part Of: Crop protection. Volume 150(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: Phyototoxicity -- Selectivity -- Weed flora -- Weed control efficiency -- Yield loss; Plants, Protection of -- Periodicals; 632.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105814
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-2194

Abstract

Abstract: Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) is a dominant pulse crop in the world for its climate resilience and nutritional values. Weed infestation causes a significant yield loss in chickpea and jeopardize in realizing the potential yield across regions. Pendimethalin as pre- emergence (PRE) is the ruling herbicide, however, post- emergence (POST) herbicides are limited in this crop particularly for managing broad- leaved weeds and higher yield gain. We assessed the impact of POST herbicides available in different crops on weed phytotoxicity, crop selectivity and yield performance in chickpea on sandy- loam soil of Kanpur, India. The experiment was undertaken for two consecutive years (2016- 17 and 2017- 18) comprising nine herbicides, besides unweeded control (UWC) and weed-free check (WFC). Among the herbicides tested, halosulfuron-methyl 70 g a.i. ha −1 and tembotrione 100 g a.i. ha −1 showed the maximum phytotoxicity scale of 5- 10 on chickpea. Clodinafop-propargyl + sodium-acifluorfen 122.5 g a.i. ha −1 and imazethapyr + imazamox 70 g a.i. ha −1 had a recoverable phytotoxicity (scale 3–5) on chickpea. Topramezone 20.6 g a.i. ha −1 at 25 days after sowing (DAS) resulted in higher phytotoxicity on weeds (toxicity scale of 7–10) without any phytotoxicity on chickpea. It significantly controlled the dominant broad- leaved weeds: Chenopodium album L., Lepidium didymum L., Spergula arvensis L., Medicago polymorpha L. and Fumaria parviflora Lam. compared to the remaining herbicides. Topramezone reduced total weed density by 68- 70% and 48– 51% ( P ≤ 0.05) at 45 and 95 DAS compared with UWC, respectively. Therefore, this herbicide had higher ( P ≤ 0.05) weed control efficiency in both years (89.8% in 2016- 17 and 76.5% in 2017- 18) than remaining treatments. Topramezone increased 15.3- 19.6% chickpea seed yield than the recommended herbicide pendimethalin 1000 g a.i. ha −1 - quizalofop- p- ethyl 100 g a.i. ha −1 without affecting the nodulation and fluorescein diacetate activity. The UWC resulted in 64% (mean of two years) yield loss compared to the WFC in chickpea. Importantly, topramezone gave comparable yield with WFC. Hence, topramezone can be safely used in chickpea for managing broad- leaved weeds and realizing higher productivity. Highlights: We studied selectivity of POST herbicides and topramezone was selective in chickpea. Topramezone 20.6 g a.i. ha −1 effectively controlled dominant broad-leaved weeds. It had higher WCE (76.5- 89.8%) and WCI (75.1- 93.2%) than other treatments. It increased 15.3- 19.6% chickpea yield than pendimethalin - quizalofop- p- ethyl. Topramezone increased microbial biomass C than pendimethalin - quizalofop- p- ethyl.