E-058 Latest advancements in cone beam CT improve visualization of early ischemic brain parenchymal changes during stroke. (22nd July 2019) - Cancelliere, N
Abstract : Background and purpose: Time is essential for treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) for patients with large-vessel occlusion (LVO). It is now well established that decreasing the time between stroke-onset to groin-puncture significantly improves functional outcomes for these patients (Bourcier et al., 2019). One potential method of shortening this time is to by-pass the CT department and bring patients directly to the angiosuite for baseline imaging. However, in order for this to gain mainstream acceptance, the diagnostic quality of cone beam CT performed in the angiosuite needs to be comparable to that of conventional CT to exclude haemorrhages and well-define the stroke core. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the imaging quality of the latest generation cone beam CT (CB-CT) imaging to conventional multidetector CT (MD-CT) using a quantitative and qualitative analysis Methods: Patients with AIS who received endovascular mechanical thrombectomy were prospectively included in this monocentric study (n=55). Baseline MD-CT imaging acquired in CT was compared to one of two CB-CT imaging protocols acquired in the angiosuite: either the traditional CB-CT imaging protocol or the newest generation CB-CT imaging protocol, which has a faster acquisition time and improved built-in reconstruction algorithms. All three imaging datasets were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative measures. Average houndsfield units and standard deviations were calculated in 4 gray and 4 white matter regions and a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. Two neuroradiologists with varying levels of expertise assessed 6 measures of image quality (Noise, Artefacts, Gray/white matter differentiation, Subarachnoid space sharpness, Ventricular margins, Distinctiveness of posterior fossa contents) using a 5-point Likert-scale (1= Very poor, 2= Poor, 3= Acceptable, 4= Good; 5= Very Good). Diagnosis of early ischemic changes were quantified using ASPECTS and scores were compared between groups. Results: Mean CNR in MD-CT (2.86±0.72) was superior to CB-CT imaging (2.24±0.87; p=<0.01); however, after dose correction (MD-CT= 105 mGy vs. CB-CT= 65 mGy), the difference in mean CNR values between both groups was eliminated (CB-CT dose corrected CNR= 2.93±1.29; p=0.58). Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance with follow-up Dunn's tests revealed that although MD-CT is superior to CB-CT image quality, the latest generation CB-CT imaging protocol provides images that are consistently superior to the traditional CB-CT imaging protocol in all 6 categories scored. New CB-CT images had less noise (p= <0.001) and artefacts (p= <0.01), and better gray/white matter differentiation (p= <0.001), subarachnoid space sharpness (p= <0.001), ventricular margins (p= <0.01) and distinctiveness of Posterior fossa contents (p= <0.02) compared to traditional CB-CT. Additionally, 90.3% of new CB-CT (n=28/31) scans were deemed acceptable to give an ASPECTS score, compared to only 50% of traditional CB-CT (n=3/6) images. Conclusions: The latest generation of CB-CT images are superior to older CB-CT imaging protocols, having superior quantitative and qualitative features. Although MD-CT is still superior, recent improvements suggest that CB-CT is acceptable for emergency stroke imaging assessment before mechanical thrombectomy, which reduces door-to-groin puncture times and improve patient outcomes. Disclosures: N. Cancelliere: None. P. Nicholson: None. J. Bracken: 5; C; Philips Healthcare. F. Nijnatten: 5; C; Philips Healthcare. E. Hummel: 5; C; Philips Healthcare. T. Grunhagen: 5; C; Philips Healthcare. M. Vlimmeren: 5; C; Philips Healthcare. T. Krings: None. V. Mendes Pereira: 1; C; Philips Healthcare. 2; C; Stryker, Medtronic.