Deep Learning‐Assisted Quantification of Atomic Dopants and Defects in 2D Materials. Issue 16 (3rd June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yang, Sang‐Hyeok; Choi, Wooseon; Cho, Byeong Wook; Agyapong‐Fordjour, Frederick Osei‐Tutu; Park, Sehwan; Yun, Seok Joon; Kim, Hyung‐Jin; Han, Young‐Kyu; Lee, Young Hee; Kim, Ki Kang; Kim, Young‐Min
• Is Part Of: Advanced science. Volume 8:Issue 16(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-06-03
• Subjects: deep learning -- dynamic STEM analysis -- point defects -- scanning transmission electron microscopy -- 2D transition metal dichalcogenides; Science -- Periodicals; 505
• DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101099
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2198-3844

Abstract

Abstract: Atomic dopants and defects play a crucial role in creating new functionalities in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs). Therefore, atomic‐scale identification and their quantification warrant precise engineering that widens their application to many fields, ranging from development of optoelectronic devices to magnetic semiconductors. Scanning transmission electron microscopy with a sub‐Å probe has provided a facile way to observe local dopants and defects in 2D TMDs. However, manual data analytics of experimental images is a time‐consuming task, and often requires subjective decisions to interpret observed signals. Therefore, an approach is required to automate the detection and classification of dopants and defects. In this study, based on a deep learning algorithm, fully convolutional neural network that shows a superior ability of image segmentation, an efficient and automated method for reliable quantification of dopants and defects in TMDs is proposed with single‐atom precision. The approach demonstrates that atomic dopants and defects are precisely mapped with a detection limit of ≈1 × 10 12 cm −2, and with a measurement accuracy of ≈98% for most atomic sites. Furthermore, this methodology is applicable to large volume of image data to extract atomic site‐specific information, thus providing insights into the formation mechanisms of various defects under stimuli. Abstract : The deep learning‐assisted quantification algorithm reduces heavy load of data processing for researchers, which has hindered the pace of design and development of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs). Furthermore, an integrated understanding of the atomic‐scale behavior of point defects in 2D TMDs under environmental stimuli is now available without data reduction or sampling.