Type III secreted effectors that target mitochondria. (8th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nandi, Ipsita; Aroeti, Lior; Ramachandran, Rachana Pattani; Kassa, Ephrem G.; Zlotkin‐Rivkin, Efrat; Aroeti, Benjamin
• Is Part Of: Cellular microbiology. Volume 23:Number 9(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-06-08
• Subjects: A/E pathogens -- bacterial colonisation -- bacterial detachment and spread -- innate immunity -- mitochondria‐induced cell death -- salmonella -- Shigella -- type III secreted effector proteins; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Host-parasite relationships -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Cells -- Periodicals; Microbiologie -- Périodiques; Microbiologie; Relation hôte-parasite; Cytologie; Cellule; Réponse cellulaire; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); 579.05
• DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13352
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1462-5814

Abstract

Abstract: A type III secretion system (T3SS) is used by Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens to secrete and translocate a battery of proteins, termed effectors, from the bacteria directly into the host cells. These effectors, which are thought to play a key role in bacterial virulence, hijack and modify the activity of diverse host cell organelles, including mitochondria. Mitochondria—the energy powerhouse of the cell—are important cell organelles that play role in numerous critical cellular processes, including the initiation of apoptosis and the induction of innate immunity. Therefore, it is not surprising that pathogenic bacteria use mitochondrially targeted effectors to control host cell death and immunity pathways. Surprisingly, however, we found that despite their importance, only a limited number of type III secreted effectors have been characterised to target host mitochondria, and the mechanisms underlying their mitochondrial activity have not been sufficiently analysed. These include effectors secreted by the enteric attaching and effacing (A/E), Salmonella and Shigella bacterial pathogens. Here we give an overview of key findings, present gaps in knowledge and hypotheses concerning the mode by which these type III secreted effectors control the host and the bacterial cell life (and death) through targeting mitochondria. Abstract : Extracellular A/E and invasive Salmonella and Shigella bacterial pathogens utilize a type III secretion system (T3SS) to translocate effector proteins into the host cell that affect the host's life and death by targeting mitochondria. This activity controls bacterial colonization and spread.