Elucidating the mechanisms of action of parecoxib in the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line. Issue 5 (June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lemos, Sílvia; Sampaio-Marques, Belém; Ludovico, Paula; Gaivão, Isabel; Palmeira, Carlos; Martins, Gabriela; Peixoto, Francisco; Pinto-Leite, Rosário; Oliveira, Paula
• Is Part Of: Anti-cancer drugs. Volume 31:Issue 5(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-06
• Subjects: cancer -- cyclooxygenase-2 -- in-vitro -- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- preclinical assays; Antineoplastic agents -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; Antineoplastic Agents -- therapeutic use -- Periodicals; Drug Therapy -- Periodicals; 616.994061
• DOI: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000901
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-4973

Abstract

Abstract : Different types of tumors often present an overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of parecoxib (NSAID, cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor) in the behavior of the human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line, concerning several biological features. Cells were exposed to several concentrations of parecoxib for 48 hours. Cell viability/proliferation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, morphologic alterations, membrane integrity, cell cycle evaluation, cell death and genotoxicity were evaluated. When compared with untreated cells, parecoxib led to a marked decrease in cell viability/proliferation, in COX-2 expression and changes in cell morphology, in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell recuperation was observed after incubation with drug-free medium. Parecoxib exposure increased lactate dehydrogenase release, an arrest of the cell cycle at S-phase and G2 /M-phase, as well as growth of the sub-G0 /G1 -fraction and increased DNA damage. Parecoxib led to a slight increase of necrosis regulated cell death in treated cells, and an increase of autophagic vacuoles, in a concentration-dependent manner. In this study, parecoxib showed antitumor effects in the MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells. The potential mechanism was inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting necrosis. These results further suggested that parecoxib might be a potential candidate for in-vivo studies.