Enzymatic synthesis of glycerol, azido-glycerol and azido-triglycerol based amphiphilic copolymers and their relevance as nanocarriers: A review. (5th September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Parshad, Badri; Kumari, Meena; Khatri, Vinod; Rajeshwari, Rajeshwari; Pan, Yuanwei; Sharma, Atul K.; Ahmed, Ishtiaq
• Is Part Of: European polymer journal. Volume 158(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09-05
• Subjects: Glycerol -- Azido-glycerol -- Copolymer -- Amphiphilic -- Self-assembly -- Nanocarrier; ATRP Atom transfer radical polymerization -- CAC Critical aggregation concentration -- CAL B Candida antarctica lipase B -- CLSM Confocal laser scanning microscopy -- CMC Critical micelle concentration -- CNT Carbon nanotube -- CuAAC Copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition -- DAPI 4′, 6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole -- DBTO Dibutyltin oxide -- DCC N, N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodimide -- DIPEA N, N-Diisopropylethylamine -- DLS Dynamic light scattering -- DMF Dimethylformamide -- FACS Fluorescence-assisted cell sorting -- FDA Food and drug administration -- FTIR Fourier transform infrared -- G1 First generation -- GPC Gel permeable chromatography -- GRAS Generally recognized as safe -- hPG hyperbranched polyglycerol -- MALDI-TOF Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Time of flight -- MTX Methotrexate -- N435 Novozym 435 -- NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance -- PBI Perylene bisimide -- PBS Phosphate buffer saline -- PEG Polyethylene glycol -- PDI polydispersity index -- PG Polyglycerol -- SWCNT Single-walled carbon nanotube -- TEM Transmission electron microscopy -- THF Tetrahydrofuran -- 2-MeTHF 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran; Polymers -- Periodicals; Polymerization -- Periodicals; Polymères -- Périodiques; Polymérisation -- Périodiques; Polymerization; Polymers; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 547.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110690
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0014-3057

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Glycerol-based biocompatible and biodegradable drug delivery nanocarriers. Highlights: Enzyme-mediated synthesis of copolymers. Glycerol and its derivatives based polymeric nanocarrier for drug delivery. Physicochemical characteristics of amphiphilic polymers. pH- and enzyme-responsive degradation of polymers. Abstract: Amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers have attained immense attention for transporting drugs and other bioactive species to the living systems owing to their high loading capacity and efficient internalization. To avoid the side-effects of undesired interactions within the biological system, the use of biocompatible building blocks is most crucial in preparing polymeric amphiphiles. The excellent biocompatibility and multivalency of both glycerol and triglycerol make them suitable monomers to construct macromolecular skeletons. Besides these, easy availability and remarkable aqueous solubility further enlarge their use in synthetic chemistry and give ample possibilities for creating fascinating entities for practical applications. The conversion of glycerol into azido-glycerol and azido-triglycerol further helped in differential functionalization of their polymers with various hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in different ratios thereby assisting in tuning the amphiphilicity of resulting functionalized polymers. Herein, we review the enzymatic synthesis of glycerol, azido-glycerol and azido-triglycerol based amphiphilic polymeric architectures as nanocarriers for various bio-active species. Enzymatically synthesized linear copolymers synthesized by selective esterification of primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol and its derivatives with suitable diacids/diesters are explored in this review.