Accentuated early postprandial satiety in people with spinal cord injury versus able-bodied controls. (1st December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fenton, Jordan M.; King, James A.; Hoekstra, Sven P.; Willis, Scott A.; Ogawa, Takahiro; Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria L.
• Is Part Of: Appetite. Volume 167(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12-01
• Subjects: Spinal injury -- Gut hormones -- Appetite regulation -- Weight management -- Energy balance; AB able-bodied -- AG acylated ghrelin -- EE energy expenditure -- GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1 -- HE high-energy -- LE low-energy -- PFC prospective food consumption -- PYY peptide YY -- RMR resting metabolic rate -- SCI spinal cord injury -- TDEE total daily energy expenditure; Food habits -- Periodicals; Appetite -- Periodicals; Appetite disorders -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 306.4613
• DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105628
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0195-6663

Abstract

Abstract: In persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), reduced fat-free mass and movement-related energy expenditure increase obesity risk. Although plausible mechanisms exist, it remains unknown whether impaired appetite regulation potentiates obesity risk in SCI. This study compared postprandial responses of appetite-related hormones, appetite perceptions and the sensitivity of appetite to covert preload energy manipulation in persons with SCI and able-bodied (AB) controls. In a counterbalanced order, 12 men with high-level SCI (≥T6 vertebrae) and 12 AB controls completed two trials, consuming covert high-energy (HE; 2513 kJ) and low-energy (LE; 1008 kJ) preloads on separate occasions. Subjective appetite perceptions were assessed at 30 min intervals following preload consumption (up to 150 min) and energy intake was determined from ad libitum test meals. Appetite-related hormone (total PYY, GLP-1 and acylated ghrelin) responses were measured in the HE trial only. Within the early postprandial phase (0–60 min), subjective ratings of fullness ( d = 0.83) and satisfaction ( d = 0.87) were higher (P ≤ 0.028) in the group with SCI. No group differences in PYY, GLP-1 or acylated ghrelin were detected in a fasted state or postprandially ( d ≤ 0.64; p ≥ 0.053). Ad libitum energy intake was lower in the SCI group (1086 vs. 1713 kJ, respectively, d = 1.00; P = 0.020) but no effect of trial (preload) was found. These findings suggest that, following isocaloric preloads, postprandial satiety may be augmented, rather than attenuated, in people with SCI.