Harmonic cancellation within AC low voltage distribution for a realistic office environment. (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Santos, Arthur; Duggan, Gerald P.; Young, Peter; Frank, Stephen; Hughes, Aidan; Zimmerle, Daniel
• Is Part Of: International journal of electrical power & energy systems. Volume 134(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: Harmonic Cancellation -- Diversity Factor -- AC Converters; Electrical engineering -- Periodicals; Electric power systems -- Periodicals; Électrotechnique -- Périodiques; Réseaux électriques (Énergie) -- Périodiques; Electric power systems; Electrical engineering; Periodicals; 621.3
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107325
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0142-0615

Abstract

Highlights: When on, office appliances' converters operate mostly below 40% of rated power. Assuming converters' full power range overestimates harmonic cancellation. Larger diversity of devices in one circuit increases current-harmonic cancellation. Diversity of devices increases cancellation of low order harmonic components. Abstract: An increase of non-linear loads, primarily from power electronics, has substantially increased current harmonics in commercial buildings, which contributes to decreased transformer efficiency / lifespan and poor power quality. This study uses recorded power consumption data from common miscellaneous electric loads (MELs) seen in offices, combined with detailed characterizations of example MELs, to simulate harmonic cancellation within building circuits. Typically, harmonic cancellation studies assume that AC converters operate across their rated power range. However, this study finds that common MELs operate below 40% of rated power the majority of the time when not quiescent; 89% of sampled devices never operated above 60% of rated power. Simulations using these more realistic power levels indicate current-harmonic cancellation ( 3 rd to 13 th harmonic) is significantly lower than that predicted when using full-range power assumptions, resulting in minor errors for low-order harmonics and larger errors for higher order harmonics. Increased MELs load diversity increases harmonic cancellation, but insufficiently to eliminate errors. In contrast, blending lighting loads with MELs on the secondaries of distribution transformers improves harmonic cancellation to near those predicted by traditional methods. These results indicate that realistic power levels, as well as better characterization of harmonics from typical MELs, should be used to estimate harmonic cancellation.