Unlocking the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential of Polygonum maritimum. (1st January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rodrigues, Maria João; Custódio, Luísa; Lopes, Andreia; Oliveira, Marta; Neng, Nuno R.; Nogueira, José M. F.; Martins, Alice; Rauter, Amélia P.; Varela, João; Barreira, Luísa
• Is Part Of: Pharmaceutical biology. Volume 55:Number 1(2017)
• Page Start: 1348
• Page End: 1357
• Publication Date: 2017-01-01
• Subjects: Halophytes -- antioxidant activity -- oxidative stress -- macrophages -- nitric oxide -- α-amylase -- α-glucosidase; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Materia medica, Vegetable -- Periodicals; 615.321
• DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1301493
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1388-0209

Abstract

Abstract: Context: Several Polygonum species (Polygonaceae) are used in traditional medicine in Asia, Europe and Africa to treat inflammation and diabetes. Objective: Evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential of methanol and dichloromethane extracts of leaves and roots of the halophyte Polygonum maritimum L. Material and methods: Antioxidant activity was determined (up to 1 mg/mL) as radical-scavenging activity (RSA) of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), copper (CCA) and iron (ICA) chelating activities and iron reducing power (FRAP). NO production was measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages for 24 h at concentrations up to 100 μg/mL and antidiabetic potential was assessed by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition (up to 10 mg/mL) assays. The phytochemical composition of the extracts was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The methanol leaf extract had the highest activity against DPPH (IC50 = 26 μg/mL) and ABTS + (IC50 = 140 μg/mL), FRAP (IC50 = 48 μg/mL) and CCA (IC50 = 770 μg/mL). Only the dichloromethane leaf extract (LDCM) showed anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 = 48 μg/mL). The methanol root (IC50 = 19 μg/mL) and leaf (IC50 = 29 μg/mL) extracts strongly inhibited baker's yeast α-glucosidase, but LDCM had higher rat's α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 2527 μg/mL) than acarbose (IC50 = 4638 μg/mL). GC-MS analysis identified β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, 1-octacosanol and linolenic acid as possible molecules responsible for the observed bioactivities. Conclusions: Our findings suggest P. maritimum as a source of high-value health promoting commodities for alleviating symptoms associated with oxidative and inflammatory diseases, including diabetes.