IDDF2020-ABS-0140 Worldwide incidence and risk factors of oesophageal cancer by histological subtypes. (18th November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Huang, Junjie; Lok, Veeleah; Chu, Cedric; Ngai, Chun Ho; Chen, Ping; Wang, Shanjuan; Zhang, Lin; Yuan, Jinqiu; Lao, Xiang-Qian; Tse, Shelly LA; Xu, Wanghong; Zheng, Zhi-Jie; Xie, Shao-Hua; Wong, Martin
• Is Part Of: Gut. Volume 69(2020)Supplement 2
• Page Start: A46
• Page End: A47
• Publication Date: 2020-11-18
• Subjects: Gastroenterology -- Periodicals; 616.33
• DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-IDDF.86
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0017-5749

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Worldwide, oesophageal cancer is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of cancer mortality. Owing to its aggressive disease nature and poor survival rate, it contributes to a substantial burden to global health and clinical practice. This study aimed to estimate the worldwide incidence and risk factors of oesophageal cancer by histological subtypes using data from 178 countries. Methods: The data on the incidence of oesophageal cancer by histological types in 2018 were estimated from GLOBALCAN and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5). Age-standardized rates (ASRs) for oesophageal cancer incidence by histological subtypes were evaluated by Segi–Doll population. The prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol drinking, physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, and lipid disorders for each country were retrieved from the Global Health Observatory. The association between the ratio of histological subtypes and risk factors was examined by multivariable linear regression. Results: We estimated a total of 63, 470 (12.6%) and 502, 669 new cases of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 2018, respectively. The incidence among males was 3.6-fold and 2.2-fold of that among females for AC and SCC, respectively. The highest AC:SCC ratio was found in the UK (ratio 2.880, ASR 7.5), New Zealand (2.667, 4.2), the Netherlands (2.536, 7.7), Bahrain (2.143, 0.9), and Canada (2.000, 3.7) among males (figure 1 ). As for females, the highest AC:SCC ratio was observed in Moldova (1.000, 0.2), the Netherlands (0.800, 1.2), Iceland (0.750; 0.5), the UK (0.700; 1.4), and Cyprus (0.667; 0.3). A higher AC:SCC ratio was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity (male: β 0.039, 95% CI 0.023 to 0.055; female: 0.009, 0.004 to 0.146) and high cholesterol (male: 0.028, 0.010 to 0.047; female: 0.011, 0.004 to 0.019); but a lower prevalence of tobacco use (male: -0.007, -0.014 to -0.001) and diabetes (male: 0.009, 0.004 to 0.146; female: -0.021, -0.038 to -0.003). Conclusions: While SCC is the predominant subtype of oesophageal cancer, the incidence of AC has surpassed SCC in a substantial proportion of countries, probably due to the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders. Future research should investigate the reasons behind these epidemiological changes.