Fungi participate in the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Issue 1 (19th April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lemoinne, Sara; Kemgang, Astrid; Ben Belkacem, Karima; Straube, Marjolène; Jegou, Sarah; Corpechot, Christophe; Chazouillères, Olivier; Housset, Chantal; Sokol, Harry
• Is Part Of: Gut. Volume 69:Issue 1(2020)
• Page Start: 92
• Page End: 102
• Publication Date: 2019-04-19
• Subjects: gut microbiota -- fungi -- inflammatory bowel disease -- primary sclerosing cholangitis; Gastroenterology -- Periodicals; 616.33
• DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317791
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0017-5749

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were previously shown to display a bacterial gut dysbiosis but fungal microbiota has never been examined in these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the fungal gut microbiota in patients with PSC. Design: We analysed the faecal microbiota of patients with PSC and concomitant IBD (n=27), patients with PSC and no IBD (n=22), patients with IBD and no PSC (n=33) and healthy subjects (n=30). Bacterial and fungal composition of the faecal microbiota was determined using 16S and ITS2 sequencing, respectively. Results: We found that patients with PSC harboured bacterial dysbiosis characterised by a decreased biodiversity, an altered composition and a decreased correlation network density. These alterations of the microbiota were associated with PSC, independently of IBD status. For the first time, we showed that patients with PSC displayed a fungal gut dysbiosis, characterised by a relative increase in biodiversity and an altered composition. Notably, we observed an increased proportion of Exophiala and a decreased proportion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Compared with patients with IBD and healthy subjects, the gut microbiota of patients with PSC exhibited a strong disruption in bacteria-fungi correlation network, suggesting an alteration in the interkingdom crosstalk. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that bacteria and fungi contribute to gut dysbiosis in PSC.