Novel and emerging biotechnological crop protection approaches. Issue 8 (18th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Giudice, Gaetano; Moffa, Loredana; Varotto, Serena; Cardone, Maria Francesca; Bergamini, Carlo; De Lorenzis, Gabriella; Velasco, Riccardo; Nerva, Luca; Chitarra, Walter
• Is Part Of: Plant biotechnology journal. Volume 19:Issue 8(2021)
• Page Start: 1495
• Page End: 1510
• Publication Date: 2021-05-18
• Subjects: new plant breeding techniques -- cisgenesis -- genome editing -- RNA interference -- disease resilience -- abiotic stress -- DNA methylation -- epigenetics; Plant biotechnology -- Periodicals; Plant genetic engineering -- Periodicals; 630.272
• DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13605
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1467-7644

Abstract

Summary: Traditional breeding or genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have for a long time been the sole approaches to effectively cope with biotic and abiotic stresses and implement the quality traits of crops. However, emerging diseases as well as unpredictable climate changes affecting agriculture over the entire globe force scientists to find alternative solutions required to quickly overcome seasonal crises. In this review, we first focus on cisgenesis and genome editing as challenging biotechnological approaches for breeding crops more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, we take into consideration a toolbox of new techniques based on applications of RNA interference and epigenome modifications, which can be adopted for improving plant resilience. Recent advances in these biotechnological applications are mainly reported for non‐model plants and woody crops in particular. Indeed, the characterization of RNAi machinery in plants is fundamental to transform available information into biologically or biotechnologically applicable knowledge. Finally, here we discuss how these innovative and environmentally friendly techniques combined with traditional breeding can sustain a modern agriculture and be of potential contribution to climate change mitigation.