How data-driven, privately ordered sustainability governance shapes US food supply chains: The case of field to market. (August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Strube, Johann; Glenna, Leland; Hatanaka, Maki; Konefal, Jason; Conner, David
• Is Part Of: Journal of rural studies. Volume 86(2021)
• Page Start: 684
• Page End: 693
• Publication Date: 2021-08
• Subjects: Sustainable agriculture -- Precision agriculture -- Metrics -- Governance -- Multi-stakeholder initiatives -- Accountability -- Bureaucracy; Sociology, Rural -- Periodicals; Country life -- Periodicals; Rural development -- Periodicals; Land use, Rural -- Planning -- Periodicals; Rural conditions -- Periodicals; Sociologie rurale -- Périodiques; Vie rurale -- Périodiques; Développement rural -- Périodiques; Sol, Utilisation agricole du -- Planification -- Périodiques; Conditions rurales -- Périodiques; Country life; Land use, Rural -- Planning; Rural conditions; Rural development; Sociology, Rural; Periodicals; 307.72
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.05.028
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0743-0167

Abstract

Abstract: Multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) establish metrics and collect farm-level data to measure sustainability in the food system. Rooted in the private sector, MSIs advance goals that were once the responsibility of the state. To make sense of this trend, we distinguish three ideal types of accountability systems in the United States agrifood system: community-based, state-led, and private-ordering systems. We explore the implications of data-driven private-ordering for the distribution of power and accountability along a food supply chain by analyzing Field to Market, a prominent US-based MSI. A central feature of Field to Market are metrics that commodity producers can use to assess their performance and which provide data for food manufacturers and retailers to support sustainability claims. Compared to state-led environmental sustainability efforts from the 1940s until the 1980s, which depended on farmers voluntarily adhering to regulations, metrics rely upon the generation and circulation of data that create a nascent, privately ordered bureaucracy. This change in governance has purported and undeclared consequences for food supply chains. Field to Market's metrics promise continuous improvements in agricultural sustainability and accountability in the food system, but they also help food manufacturers and retailers coordinate their supply chains, facilitate the commodification of farm management data, and reframe the meaning of sustainability. Highlights: Metrics for sustainable agriculture create a nascent, privately ordered bureaucracy. Metrics coordinate supply chain management and shift the locus of farm management toward food manufacturers and retailers. Metrics facilitate the commodification of farm management data. Metrics reframe the meaning of sustainability.