Toxicity assessment of organophosphorus in Ruditapes decussatus via physiological, chemical and biochemical determination: A case study with the compounds γ-oximo- and γ-amino-phosphonates and phosphine oxides. (August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Saidani, Wiem; Wahbi, Aymen; Sellami, Badreddine; Helali, Mohamed Amine; Khazri, Abdelhafidh; Mahmoudi, Ezzeddine; Touil, Soufiane; Joubert, Olivier; Beyrem, Hamouda
• Is Part Of: Marine pollution bulletin. Volume 169(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08
• Subjects: γ-Aminophosphonates -- γ-Aminophosphine oxides -- γ-Oximophosphine oxides -- Clams -- Oxidative stress -- Respiration -- Filtration -- Metals accumulation; Marine pollution -- Periodicals; Marine Biology -- Periodicals; Water Pollution -- Periodicals; Mer -- Pollution -- Périodiques; Publications périodiques; Pollution des mers; Lutte antipollution; Electronic journals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112556
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-326X

Abstract

Abstract: Organophosphorus derivatives are widely used in human health care and have been detected in aquatic ecosystems. These compounds may pose significant risks to non-target exposed organisms and only limited studies are available on bioconcentration and the effects of organophosphorus derivatives on marine organisms. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of two concentrations (20 and 40 μg/L) of γ-oximo- and γ-amino-phosphonates and phosphine oxides in mediterranean clams Ruditapes decussatus exposed for 14 days using different biomarkers and the changes of filtration and respiration rate. The use of clams in ecotoxicity evaluation is thus mandatory to assess the feasibility of assessing oxidative stress on R. decussatus after being exposed to γ-oximo- and γ-amino-phosphonates and phosphine oxides. The oxidative status was analyzed by measuring oxidative stress biomarkers RNS and ROS production in mitochondria, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), whose alteration was indicative of organophosphorus exposure, in both gills and digestive gland of the clams. No significant alterations in RNS, ROS production, SOD, CAT and AChE activities and MDA content were observed in both organs of clams treated with γ-oximophosphine oxides. It was possible then to hypothesize that γ-oximophosphine oxides may have probably exerted an incomplete alteration of antioxidant defenses and damage, which was changed by the activation of defense mechanisms. On the contrary, oxidative stress parameters were changed after exposure to γ-amino-phosphonates and phosphine oxides. In addition, metals accumulation, filtration and respiration rates were altered following exposure to all the studied organophosphorus compounds. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Organophosphorus affect biochemical and physiological parameters on the clams. Organophosphorus induced antioxidant response and chemical changes. Neurotoxic effect could occur in contaminant dependent manner.